ARTICLE II
DECLARATION OF
PRINCIPLES AND
STATE POLICIES
PRINCIPLES
Section 1. The Philippines is
a democratic and republican State. Sovereignty resides in the people
and
all government authority emanates from them.
Section 2. The Philippines
renounces war as an instrument of national policy, adopts the generally
accepted principles of international law as part of the law of the land
and adheres to the policy of peace, equality, justice, freedom,
cooperation,
and amity with all nations.cralaw:red
Section 3. Civilian authority
is, at all times, supreme over the military. The Armed Forces of the
Philippines
is the protector of the people and the State. Its goal is to secure the
sovereignty of the State and the integrity of the national territory.cralaw:red
Section 4. The prime duty
of the Government is to serve and protect the people. The Government
may
call upon the people to defend the State and, in the fulfillment
thereof,
all citizens may be required, under conditions provided by law, to
render
personal, military or civil service.cralaw:red
Section 5. The maintenance
of peace and order, the protection of life, liberty, and property, and
promotion of the general welfare are essential for the enjoyment by all
the people of the blessings of democracy.cralaw:red
Section 6. The separation
of Church and State shall be inviolable.
STATE POLICIES
Section 7. The State shall pursue
an independent foreign policy. In its relations with other states, the
paramount consideration shall be national sovereignty, territorial
integrity,
national interest, and the right to self-determination.
Section 8. The Philippines,
consistent with the national interest, adopts and pursues a policy of
freedom
from nuclear weapons in its territory.cralaw:red
Section 9. The State shall
promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the prosperity
and independence of the nation and free the people from poverty through
policies that provide adequate social services, promote full
employment,
a rising standard of living, and an improved quality of life for all.cralaw:red
Section 10. The State shall
promote social justice in all phases of national development.cralaw:red
Section 11. The State values
the dignity of every human person and guarantees full respect for human
rights.cralaw:red
Section 12. The State recognizes
the sanctity of family life and shall protect and strengthen the family
as a basic autonomous social institution. It shall equally protect the
life of the mother and the life of the unborn from conception. The
natural
and primary right and duty of parents in the rearing of the youth for
civic
efficiency and the development of moral character shall receive the
support
of the Government.cralaw:red
Section 13. The State recognizes
the vital role of the youth in nation-building and shall promote and
protect
their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and social well-being.
It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and nationalism, and
encourage
their involvement in public and civic affairs.cralaw:red
Section 14. The State recognizes
the role of women in nation-building, and shall ensure the fundamental
equality before the law of women and men.cralaw:red
Section 15. The State shall
protect and promote the right to health of the people and instill
health
consciousness among them.cralaw:red
Section 16. The State shall
protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful
ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature.cralaw:red
Section 17. The State shall
give priority to education, science and technology, arts, culture, and
sports to foster patriotism and nationalism, accelerate social
progress,
and promote total human liberation and development.cralaw:red
Section 18. The State affirms
labor as a primary social economic force. It shall protect the rights
of
workers and promote their welfare.cralaw:red
Section 19. The State shall
develop a self-reliant and independent national economy effectively
controlled
by Filipinos.cralaw:red
Section 20. The State recognizes
the indispensable role of the private sector, encourages private
enterprise,
and provides incentives to needed investments.cralaw:red
Section 21. The State shall
promote comprehensive rural development and agrarian reform.cralaw:red
Section 22. The State recognizes
and promotes the rights of indigenous cultural communities within the
framework
of national unity and development.cralaw:red
Section 23. The State shall
encourage non-governmental, community-based, or sectoral organizations
that promote the welfare of the nation.cralaw:red
Section 24. The State recognizes
the vital role of communication and information in nation-building.cralaw:red
Section 25. The State shall
ensure the autonomy of local governments.cralaw:red
Section 26. The State shall
guarantee equal access to opportunities for public service and prohibit
political dynasties as may be defined by law.cralaw:red
Section 27. The State shall
maintain honesty and integrity in the public service and take positive
and effective measures against graft and corruption.cralaw:red
Section 28. Subject to reasonable
conditions prescribed by law, the State adopts and implements a policy
of full public disclosure of all its transactions involving public
interest.
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