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ADMINISTRATIVE ORDERS
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ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER NO. 283 -
IMPOSING THE PENALTY OF DISMISSAL FROM THE SERVICE WITH FORFEITURE OF
ALL BENEFITS UNDER THE LAW ON STATE PROSECUTOR I MOSIB M. LIMBAO,
DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
This refers to the administrative complaint
filed against State Prosecutor I Mosib M. Limbao, Office of the Chief
State Prosecutor (on detail with the Office of the City Prosecutor of
Kalookan and assigned at the Malabon Prosecution Sub-Office) for grave
misconduct.
Records shows that on July 14,
1995, Daniel Ico went to the Bulacan District Office of the National
Bureau of Investigation (NBI) to complain Prosecutor Limbao's alleged
demand of P2,000.00 in exchange for a favorable resolution of the
estafa complaint (I.S. No. 95-462) he (Ico) filed against Lorna
Lodronio, et al., with the Office of the City Prosecutor of Caloocan,
Malabon Prosecution Sub-Office. Ico was then instructed by the NBI to
ascertain if respondent prosecutor was persistent on his demand. On
July 18, 1995, Ico returned to the NBI office confirming respondent's
demand and informed said office that he was given until July 19, 1995
to produce the money. Preparatory to an entrapment operation, the NBI
required Ico to execute a sworn statement relative to the said demand
of Prosecutor Limbao and sought the assistance of its Forensic
Chemistry Division which marked and dusted with fluorescent powder
twenty (20) pieces of P100.00-bill which were placed in a white
envelope.
On July 19, 1995, NBI Special
Investigator Reynaldo Olazo and two (2) other agents, together with
Ico, proceeded to the Malabon Prosecution Sub-Office and arrived
thereat at about 11:00 a.m., Ico entered the office of respondent while
Olazo and the two (2) NBI agents stayed outside to observe the
transaction. Upon signal by Ico that the envelope was already in the
possession of Prosecutor Limbao, Olazo and his companions went inside
the room of respondent, introduced themselves and informed respondent
that the money he had received was marked. Respondent, however,
insisted that he did not receive anything from Ico. However, Olazo and
the two (2) NBI agents discovered the white envelope which contained
the marked money inside the drawer of respondent's table. Consequently,
respondent was brought to the NBI Central Office in Manila for
ultra-violet examination. The result showed that he was positive for
yellow fluorescent powder specks on the dorsal and palmar aspects of
his left and right hands.
During the formal investigation,
Ico failed to appear despite three (3) subpoenas sent to his last known
addresses. It was NBI Special Investigator Reynaldo Olazo and Asst.
Regional Director Lolito V. Utitco who testified to the conduct of the
entrapment operation and the marking of the twenty (20) pieces of
P100.00-bill used in the said operation, respectively.
In exculpation, respondent
denied the charge against him. He stated that the estafa complaint
filed by Ico against the Lodronios had been assigned to him for
preliminary investigation and that during the hearing on July 14, 1995,
Ico informed him that a similar case was filed with the Prosecutor's
Office, Navotas Sub-Office. He then told Ico to withdraw either his
complaint in Malabon or the one in Navotas, and asked him to submit a
copy of his complaint in Navotas on July 17, 1995. When Ico left his
office, he discovered that the check (PNB Check No. 666400 dated
December 20, 1994, in the amount of P20,000.00) upon which Ico anchored
his charge against the Lodronios was not attached to the record. On
July 17, 1995, Ico appeared but without a copy of his complaint which
he filed with the Navotas Sub-Office. Still, Ico insisted that his case
be filed in court. Respondent then told Ico that there was no copy of
the check subject of the criminal complaint and instructed Ico to give
him a copy of the check in the following manner: "Bigyan mo ako ng
kopya ng dalawampung libong tseke at ibigay mo sa akin hanggang Julio
19. Kung wala, hindi ko mare-resolve ang kaso.”
Respondent alleged that on July
19, 1995, at around 11:00 a.m., while he was in the process of drafting
a resolution, Ico entered his room went to the left side of his table
and then dropped in his table drawer, which was slightly open, a folded
white letter envelope, after which Ico hurriedly left his room. He
tried to catch up with Ico but he (Prosecutor Limbao) was met at the
door by NBI agents who informed him that the money he received was
marked money and that they were placing him under arrest. While inside
his room, the NBI agents closed the door, took out the subject envelope
from his drawer, examined its contents and took pictures thereof.
Despite his protestations, the NBI agents invited him to the NBI
Central Office for further investigation. While going out of his room,
he was held in both hands by the same NBI agents who had earlier gotten
hold of the white letter envelope and examined its contents (marked
bills). This, according to respondent, explained the presence of yellow
fluorescent powder on his hands. Finally, respondent stated that since
Ico is a Muslim and not well versed in Tagalog, he could have
misinterpreted his statement "bigyan mo ako ng kopya ng dalawampung
libong tseke" as a demand for P2,000.00.
Respondent presented Ramon
Matias and Alberto Bautista, a court employee and a businessman,
respectively, as defense witnesses. Both testified that on the date and
time in question, they saw Ico enter the room of respondent and,
without saying anything, drop a white envelope on the drawer of
respondent's table.
State Prosecutor II Menrado V.
Corpuz of the Department of Justice, who conducted the investigation,
recommended the dismissal of the complaint for insufficiency of
evidence. The Secretary of Justice, however, had a different view. He
found substantial evidence to hold respondent Limbao administratively
liable of the offense charged. Thus, he recommended that Prosecutor
Limbao be meted the penalty of dismissal from the service with
forfeiture of benefits under the law.
Upon review, we find the
recommendation of the Secretary of Justice to be in order.
Respondent's denial of the
charge against him is weakened considerably when juxtaposed with the
indisputable fact that the envelope containing the marked money was
found in his drawer. His claims that Ico could have simply
misinterpreted his instructions, for him to submit a copy of the
P20,000.00 check, subject of the criminal complaint, and that the
envelope containing the marked money was merely dropped in the drawer
of his table, do not induce belief. The presence of fluorescent powder
on the palmar and dorsal sides of both his hands belies the posture of
innocence. Further, his explanation on why his hands tested positive
for powder marks does not deserve credence. Moreover, the failure of
Ico to appear during the formal investigation had very little effect on
the charge proffered against respondent. The testimony of the two NBI
agents and respondent's own declaration proved that an envelope
containing marked money was found in the drawer of his table; that this
envelope was given by Ico; that respondent was tested positive for
fluorescent powder; and that Ico had a criminal complaint for estafa
assigned to him (respondent) for preliminary investigation.
As correctly pointed out by the
Justice Secretary, respondent's acts constitute the actionable
administrative offense of grave misconduct. His commission of the acts
complained of, being highly anomalous and reprehensible, erodes the
credibility and impartiality demanded of a public prosecutor in regard
to dispensing justice; and that although not unmindful of the
repercussions in meting out the extreme penalty of respondent's
dismissal from the service, the interest of public service, being
paramount, cannot be compromised by the unlawful acts committed which
indubitably tarnished the prosecution arm of the government.
WHEREFORE, premises considered,
State Prosecutor I Mosib M. Limbao, Office of the Chief State
Prosecutor, Department of Justice, is hereby DISMISSED from the service
with FORFEITURE of all benefits under the law effective upon receipt of
a copy hereof.
DONE in the
City of Manila, this 30th day of July, in the year of Our Lord,
nineteen hundred and ninety-six.
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