EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 414 - DIRECTING EMERGENCY MEASURES TO PREVENT EXCESSIVE INCREASES IN PRICES OF PRIME AND ESSENTIAL COMMODITIES AND TO PROTECT THE PEOPLE FROM HOARDING, PROFITEERING, INJURIOUS SPECULATIONS, MANIPULATION OF PRICES, AND OTHER PERNICIOUS PRACTICES IN AREAS SEVERELY STRICKEN BY THE RECENT EARTHQUAKE

WHEREAS, to prevent unreasonable increases in the prices of prime and essential commodities and artificial shortages thereof in the areas severely stricken by the recent earthquake, and to protect the people from hoarding, profiteering, injurious speculations, manipulation of prices and other commodities calculated to take advantage of the situation, certain emergency measures must be undertaken;  

NOW, THEREFORE, I, CORAZON C. AQUINO, President of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested in me by law, do hereby order:

Section 1. The Secretary of Trade and Industry is hereby directed to impose price ceilings on prime and essential commodities in the areas severely stricken by the recent earthquake and to take such measures as may be appropriate to ensure the availability of, and to maintain reasonable prices of said commodities at pre-earthquake levels.

Sec. 2. The prime and essential commodities shall include, among others, the following:  

(a) Rice   (h) Liquefied Petroleum Gas
(b) Milk   (i) Cooking Oil
(c) Sugar   (j) Canned Goods
(d) Chicken   (k) Medicines, drugs and pharmaceutical
(e) Pork
(f) Flour
(g) Kerosene

Sec. 3. The Secretary of the Department of Trade and Industry is hereby authorized to review, adjust or revise the price ceilings of the prime and essential commodities covered as may be warranted subject to the approval of the Office of the President.

Sec. 4. The Department of Trade and Industry is hereby directed to implement this Executive Order, to impose such penalties as are provided for under Executive Order No. 913, Series of 1983 as well as to institute criminal and civil prosecutions under applicable laws.

Sec. 5. The Department of Trade and Industry is hereby authorized to mobilize and deputize all government agencies and instrumentalities including the local governments, Philippine Constabulary/Integrated National Police, and other law enforcement agencies to strictly implement this Executive Order.

Sec. 6. For purposes of this Executive Order, the areas covered are those where a state of calamity has been or may hereafter be proclaimed.

Sec. 7. This Executive Order shall take effect immediately subject to publication in two (2) national newspapers of general circulation, and shall remain in force and effect until otherwise revoked.  

DONE in the City of Manila, this 19th day of July, in the year of Our Lord, nineteen hundred and ninety.
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Since 19.07.98.