21 C.F.R. § 176.180 Components of paper and paperboard in contact with dry food.
Title 21 - Food and Drugs
The substances listed in this section may be safely used as components of the uncoated or coated food-contact surface of paper and paperboard intended for use in producing, manufacturing, packing, processing, preparing, treating, packaging, transporting, or holding dry food of the type identified in §176.170(c), table 1, under Type VIII, subject to the provisions of this section. (a) The substances are used in amounts not to exceed that required to accomplish their intended physical or technical effect, and are so used as to accomplish no effect in food other than that ordinarily accomplished by packaging. (b) The substances permitted to be used include the following: (1) Substances that by §176.170 and other applicable regulations in parts 170 through 189 of this chapter may be safely used as components of the uncoated or coated food-contact surface of paper and paperboard, subject to the provisions of such regulation. (2) Substances identified in the following list: [42 FR 14554, Mar. 15, 1977] Editorial Note: For additional
Title 21: Food and Drugs
PART 176—INDIRECT FOOD ADDITIVES: PAPER AND PAPERBOARD COMPONENTS
Subpart B—Substances for Use Only as Components of Paper and Paperboard
§ 176.180 Components of paper and paperboard in contact with dry food.
------------------------------------------------------------------------ List of substances Limitations------------------------------------------------------------------------Acrylamide polymer with sodium 2- For use at a level not to acrylamido-2-methylpropane-sulfonate exceed 0.015 weight percent of (CAS Reg. No. 38193-60-1). dry fiber.(2-Alkenyl) succinic anhydrides in which the alkenyl groups are derived from olefins which contain not less than 78 percent C30 and higher groups (CAS Reg. No. 70983-55-0)..4-[2-[2-(2-Alkoxy(C12-C15) ethoxy) For use as a polymerization ethoxy]ethyl]disodium sulfosuccinate. emulsifier and latex emulsion stabilizer at levels not to exceed 5 percent by weight of total emulsion solids.Alkyl mono- and disulfonic acids, sodium salts (produced from n-alkanes in the range of C10-C18 with not less than 50 percent C14-C16)..Aluminum and calcium salts of FD & Colorant. C dyes on a substrate of alumina.Ammonium nitrate.......................Amylose................................Barium metaborate...................... For use as preservative in coatings and sizings.1,2-Benzisothiazolin-3-one (CAS For use only as a preservative Registry No. 2634-33-5). in paper coating compositions and limited to use at a level not to exceed 0.02 mg/in\2\ (0.0031 mg/cm\2\) of finished paper and paperboard.N,N[prime]-Bis(hydroxyethyl)lauramide..Bis(trichloromethyl) sulfone C.A. For use only as a preservative Registry No. 3064-70-8. in coatings.Borax.................................. For use as preservative in coatings.Boric acid............................. Do.Butanedioic acid, sulfo-1,4-di-(C9-C11 For use as a surface active alkyl) ester, ammonium salt (also agent in package coating inks known as butanedioic acid, sulfo-1,4- at levels not to exceed 3 diisodecyl ester, ammonium salt [CAS percent by weight of the Reg. No. 144093-88-9]).. coating ink.sec-Butyl alcohol......................Butyl benzyl phthalate.................Candelilla wax.........................Carbon tetrachloride...................Castor oil, polyoxyethylated (42 moles ethylene oxide)..Cationic soy protein hydrolyzed For use only as a coating (hydrolyzed soy protein isolate adhesive, pigment structuring modified by treatment with 3-chloro-2- agent, and fiber retention hydroxypropyl-trimethylammonium aid. chloride).Cationic soy protein (soy protein For use only as a coating isolate modified by treatment with 3- adhesive, pigment structuring chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl- agent, and fiber retention ammonium chloride). aid.Chloral hydrate........................ Polymerization reaction-control agent.N-Cyclohexyl-p-toluene sulfonamide.....2,5-Di-tert-butyl hydroquinone.........Diethanolamine.........................Diethylene glycol dibenzoate (CAS Reg. For use only as a plasticizer No. 120-55-8). in polymeric substances.Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether......Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether......Diethylenetriamine.....................N,N-Diisopropanolamide of tallow fatty acids..N-[(dimethylamino)methyl]acrylamide polymer with acrylamide and styrene..N,N-Dioleoylethylenediamine, N,N- dilinoeoyl-ethylenediamine, and N- oleoyl-N-linoleoyl-ethylenediamine mixture produced when tall oil fatty acids are made to react with ethylenediamine such that the finished mixture has a melting point of 212°-228 °F, as determined by ASTM method D127-60, and an acid value of 10 maximum. ASTM Method D127-60 ``Standard Method of Test for Melting Point of Petrolatum and Microcrystalline Wax'' (Revised 1960) is incorporated by reference. Copies are available from University Microfilms International, 300 N. Zeeb Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48106, or available for inspection at the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA). For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030, or go to: http:// www.archives.gov/federal_register/ code_of_federal_regulations/ ibr_locations.php..Diphenylamine..........................Dipropylene glycol dibenzoate (CAS Reg. For use only as plasticizer in No. 27138-31-4). polymeric substances.Disodium N-octadecylsulfosuccinamate...tert-Dodecyl thioether of polyethylene glycol..Erucamide (erucylamide)................Ethanedial, polymer with tetrahydro-4- hydroxy-5-methyl-2(1H)pyrimidinone, propoxylated..Ethylene oxide......................... Fumigant in sizing.Ethylene oxide adduct of mono-(2- ethylhexyl) o-phosphate..Fatty acid (C12-C18) diethanolamide....Fish oil fatty acids, hydrogenated, potassium salt..Formaldehyde...........................Glyceryl monocaprate...................Glyceryl tribenzoate (CAS Reg. No. 614- For use only as a plasticizer 33-5). in polymeric coatings.Glyoxal................................Glyoxal-urea-formaldehyde condensate For use as an insolubilizer for (CAS Reg. No. 27013-01-0) formed by starch in coatings. reaction in the molar ratio of approximately 47:33:15, respectively. The reaction product has a number average molecular weight of 278±14 as determined by a suitable method.Glyoxal-urea polymer (CAS Reg. No. For use as an insolubilizer for 53037-34-6). starch.Hexamethylenetetramine................. Polymerization crosslinking agent for protein, including casein. As neutralizing agent with myristochromic chloride complex and stearato-chromic chloride complex.Hexylene glycol (2-methyl-2,4- pentanediol)..Hydroabietyl alcohol...................5-Hydroxymethoxymethyl-1-aza-3,7- For use only as an dioxabicyclo[3.3.0] octane, 5- antibacterial preservative. hydroxymethyl-1-aza-3,7- dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane, and 5- hydroxypoly-[methyleneoxy]methyl-1-aza- 3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0] octane mixture.Imidazolium compounds, 2-(C17 and C17- For use only at levels not to unsaturated alkyl)-1-[2-(C18 and C18- exceed 0.5 percent by weight unsaturated amido)ethyl]-4,5-dihydro-1- of the dry paper and methyl, methyl sulfates (CAS Reg. No. paperboard. 72749-55-4)..Isopropanolamine hydrochloride.........Isopropyl m- and p-cresol (thymol derived)..Itaconic acid..........................Maleic anhydride-diisobutylene copolymer, ammonium or sodium salt..Melamine-formaldehyde modified with: Basic polymer. Alcohols (ethyl, butyl, isobutyl, propyl, or isopropyl). Diethylenetriamine. Imino-bis-butylamine. Imino-bis-ethyleneimine. Imino-bis-propylamine. Polyamines made by reacting ethylenediamine or trimethylenediamine with dichloroethane or dichloropropane. Sulfanilic acid. Tetraethylenepentamine. Triethylenetetramine.Methyl alcohol.........................Methyl ethers of mono-, di-, and tripropylene glycol..Methyl napthalene sulfonic acid- formaldehyde condensate, sodium salt..Methylated poly(N-1,2-dihydroxyethylene- For use only only as an in 1,3-imidazolidin-2-one). solubilizer for starch.Modified polyacrylamide resulting from For use only as a dry strength an epichlorohydrin addition to a and pigment retention aid condensate of formaldehyde- agent employed prior to the dicyandiamide-diethylene triamine and sheetforming operation in the which product is then reacted with manufacture of paper and polyacrylamide and urea to produce a paperboard and used at a level resin having a nitrogen content of 5.6 not to exceed 1 percent by to 6.3 percent and having a minimum weight of dry fibers. viscosity in 56 percent-by-weight aqueous solution of 200 centipoises at 25 °C, as determined by LVT-series Brookfield viscometer using a No. 4 spindle at 60 r.p.m. (or equivalent method).Mono- and di(2-alkenyl)succinyl esters For use only as an emulsifier. of polyethylene glycol containing not less than 90 percent of the diester product and in which the alkenyl groups are derived from olefins that contain not less than 95 percent of C15-C21 groups.Monoglyceride citrate..................Myristo chromic chloride complex.......Napthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, sodium salt..Nickel.................................β-Nitrostyrene.................... Basic polymer.Octadecanoic acid, reaction products For use prior to sheet forming with 2-[(2-aminoethyl)amino]ethanol at levels not to exceed 12 and urea (CAS Reg. No. 68412-14-6), pounds per ton of paper. and the acetate salts thereof (CAS Reg. No. 68784-21-4), which may be emulsified with ethoxylated tallow alkyl amines (CAS Reg. No. 61791-26-2).α-cis-9-Octadecenyl-omega- hydroxypoly (oxyethylene); the octadecenyl group is derived from oleyl alcohol and the poly(oxyethylene) content averages not less than 20 moles..α-(p-Nonylphenyl)-omega- hydroxypoly (oxyethylene) sulfate, ammonium salt; the nonyl group is a propylene trimer isomer and the poly (oxyethylene) content averages 9 or 30 moles..Oleic acid reacted with N-alkyl-(C16- C18) trimethylenediamine..Oxidized soy isolate having 50 to 70 For use as a binder adhesive percent of its cystine residues component of coatings. oxidized to cysteic acid.Petroleum alicyclic hydrocarbon resins, For use as modifiers at levels or the hydrogenated product thereof, up to 30 weight-percent of the complying with the identity prescribed solids content of wax-polymer in § 176.170(b)(2). blend coatings.Petroleum hydrocarbon resins (produced by the catalytic polymerization and subsequent hydrogenation of styrene, vinyltoluene, and indene types from distillates of cracked petroleum stocks)..Petroleum hydrocarbons, light and odorless..o-Phthalic acid modified hydrolyzed soy protein isolate..Pine oil...............................Poly(2-aminoethyl acrylate nitrate-co-2- hydroxypropyl acrylate) complying with the identity described in § 176.170(a)..Polyamide-epichloro hydrin modified resins resulting from the reaction of the initial caprolactam-itaconic acid product with diethylenetriamine and then condensing this prepolymer with epichlorohydrin to form a cationic resin having a nitrogen content of 11- 15 percent and chlorine level of 20-23 percent on a dry basis..Polyamide-ethyleneimine-epichlorohydrin resin is prepared by reacting equimolar amounts of adipic acid and three amines (21 mole percent of 1,2- ethanediamine, 51 mole percent of N-(2- aminoethyl)-1,3-propanediamine, and 28 mole percent of N, N[prime]-1,2- ethanediylbis(1,3-propanediamine)) to form a basic polyamidoamine which is modified by reaction with ethyleneimine (5.5:1.0 ethyleneimine:polyamidoamine). The modified polyamidoamine is reacted with a crosslinking agent made by condensing approximately 34 ethylene glycol units with (chloromethyl)oxirane, followed by pH adjustment with formic acid or sulfuric acid to provide a finished product as a formate (CAS Reg. No. 114133-44-7) or a sulfate (CAS Reg. No. 167678-43-5), having a weight- average molecular weight of 1,300,000 and a number-average molecular weight of 16,000..Polyamide-ethyleneimine-epichlorohydrin resin (CAS Reg. No. 115340-77-7), prepared by reacting equimolar amounts of adipic acid and N-(2-aminoethyl)- 1,2-ethanediamine to form a basic polyamidoamine which is modified by reaction with ethyleneimine, and further reacted with formic acid and (chloromethyl)oxirane-α-hydro- omega-hydroxypoly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl)..Polybutene, hydrogenated; complying with the identity prescribed under § 178.3740(b) of this chapter..Poly [2-(diethylamino) ethyl methacrylate] phosphate..Polyethylene glycol (200) dilaurate....Polyethylene glycol monoisotridecyl For use only as a surfactant at ether sulfate, sodium salt (CAS Reg. levels not to exceed 3 percent No. 150413-26-6). in latex formulations used in pigment binders for paper and paperboard.Polymers: Homopolymers and copolymers Basic polymer. of the following monomers: Acrylamide. Acrylic acid and its methyl, ethyl, butyl, propyl, or octyl esters. Acrylonitrile. Butadiene. Crotonic acid. Cyclol acrylate. Decyl acrylate. Diallyl fumarate. Diallyl maleate. Diallyl phthalate. Dibutyl fumarate. Dibutyl itaconate. Dibutyl maleate. Di(2-ethylhexyl) maleate. Dioctyl fumarate. Dioctyl maleate. Divinylbenzene. Ethylene. 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate. Fumaric acid. Glycidyl methacrylate. 2-Hydroxyethyl acrylate. N-(Hydroxymethyl) acrylamide. Isobutyl acrylate. Isobutylene. Isoprene. Itaconic acid. Maleic anhydride and its methyl or butyl esters. Methacrylic acid and its methyl, ethyl, butyl, or propyl esters. Methylstyrene. Mono(2-ethylhexyl) maleate. Monoethyl maleate. 5-Norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, mono-n-butyl ester. Styrene. Vinyl acetate. Vinyl butyrate. Vinyl chloride. Vinyl crotonate. Vinyl hexoate. Vinylidene chloride. Vinyl pelargonate. Vinyl propionate. Vinyl pyrrolidone. Vinyl stearate. Vinyl sulfonic acid.Polymer prepared from urea, ethanedial, For use only as a starch and formaldehyde, and propionaldehyde (CAS protein reactant in paper and Reg. No. 106569-82-8). paperboard coatings.Polyoxyethylene (minimum 12 moles) ester of tall oil (30%-40% rosin acids)..Polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene glycol (minimum molecular weight 1,900)..Polyvinyl alcohol......................Potassium titanate fibers produced by calcining titanium dioxide, potassium chloride, and potassium carbonate, such that the finished crystalline fibers have a nominal diameter of 0.20- 0.25 micron, a length-to-diameter ratio of approximately 25:1 or greater, and consist principally of K2Ti4O9 and K2Ti 6O13..Sodium diisobutylphenoxy diethoxyethyl sulfonate..Sodium diisobutylphenoxy monoethoxy ethylsulfonate..Sodium n-dodecylpolyethoxy (50 moles) sulfate..Sodium isododecylphenoxypolyethoxy (40 moles) sulfate..Sodium N-methyl-N-oleyl taurate........Sodium methyl siliconate...............Sodium nitrite.........................Sodium polyacrylate....................Sodium bis-tridecylsulfosuccinate......Sodium xylene sulfonate................Stearato chromic chloride complex......Styrene-allyl alcohol copolymers.......Styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer, potassium salt..Tetraethylenepentamine................. Polymerization cross-linking agent.α-[p-(1,1,3,3- Tetramethylbutyl)phenyl]-omega hydroxypoly(oxyethylene) mixture of dihydrogen phosphate and monohydrogen phosphate esters and their sodium, potassium, and ammonium salts having a poly(oxyethylene) content averaging 6- 9 or 40 moles..α-[p-(1,1,3,3- Tetramethylbutyl)phenyl or p- nonylphenyl]-omega-hydroxypoly (oxyethylene) where nonyl group is a propylene trimer isomer..Tetrasodium N-(1,2-dicarboxyethyl)-N- octadecyl sulfosuccinamate..Toluene................................Triethanolamine........................Triethylenetetramine................... Polymerization cross-linking agent.Triethylenetetramine monoacetate, partially stearoylated..Urea-formaldehyde chemically modified with: Alcohol (methyl, ethyl, butyl, isobutyl, propyl, or isopropyl). Aminomethylsulfonic acid. Diaminobutane. Diaminopropane. Diethylenetriamine. N,N[prime]-Dioleoylethylenediamine. Diphenylamine. N,N[prime]-Distearoylethylenediamine. Ethylenediamine. Guanidine. Imino-bis-butylamine. Imino-bis-ethylamine. Imino-bis-propylamine. N-Oleoyl-N[prime]- stearoylethylenediamine. Polyamines made by reacting ethylenediamine or triethylenediamine with dichloroethane or dichloropropane. Tetraethylenepentamine. Triethylenetetramine.Xylene.................................Xylene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, sodium salt..Zinc stearate..........................------------------------------------------------------------------------
