46 C.F.R. Subpart 56.85—Heat Treatment of Welds
Title 46 - Shipping
(a) Heat treatment may be accomplished by a suitable heating method which will provide the desired heating and cooling rates, the required metal temperature, metal temperature uniformity, and temperature control. (a) The minimum preheat temperatures listed in Table 56.85–10 for P-number materials groupings are mandatory minimum pre-heat temperatures. Preheat is required for Class I, I-L, I-N, II-N and II-L piping when the ambient temperature is below 50 °F. (b) (Modifies 131.2.2.) When welding dissimilar materials the minimum preheat temperature may not be lower than the highest temperature listed in Table 56.85–10 for any of the materials to be welded or the temperature established in the qualified welding procedure. (c) (Reproduces 131.2.3.) The preheat temperature shall be checked by use of temperature-indicating crayons, thermocouples, pyrometers, or other suitable methods to assure that the required preheat temperature is obtained prior to and uniformly maintained during the welding operation.
For P–7, P–9A, P–9B, P–10C and other materials not listed the Preheat and Postheat Treatment is to be in accordance with the qualified procedure. Notes Applicable to Table 56.85–10: (1) Not applicable to dissimilar metal welds. (2) When postheat treatment by annealing or normalizing is used, the postheat treatment temperatures must be in accordance with the qualified welding procedure. (3) Wall thickness of a butt weld is defined as the thicker of the two abutting ends after end preparation including I.D. machining. (4) The thickness of socket, fillet, and seal welds is defined as the throat thicknesses for pressure and nonpressure retaining welds. (5) Preheat temperatures must be checked by use of temperature indicating crayons, thermocouple pyrometers, or other suitable method. (6) For inert gas tungsten arc root pass welding lower preheat in accordance with the qualified procedure may be used. (7) The maximum postheat treatment temperature listed for each P number is a recommended maximum temperature. (8) Postheat treatment temperatures must be checked by use of thermocouple pyrometers or other suitable means. (9) Heating rate for furnace, gas, electric resistance, and other surface heating methods must not exceed: (i) 600 °F per hour for thicknesses 2 inches and under. (ii) 600 °F per hour divided by (10) Heating route for induction heating must not exceed: (i) 600 °F per hour for thickness less than 1 (ii) 500 °F per hour when using 60 cycles and 400 °F per hour when using 400 cycles for thicknesses 1 (11) When local heating is used, the weld must be allowed to cool slowly from the postheat treatment temperature. A suggested method of retarding cooling is to wrap the weld with asbestos and allow to cool in still air. When furnace cooling is used, the pipe sections must be cooled in the furnace to 1000 °F and may then be cooled further in still air. (12) Local postheat treatment of butt welded joints must be performed on a circumferential band of the pipe. The minimum width of this band, centered on the weld, must be the width of the weld plus 2 inches. Local postheat treatment of welded branch connections must be performed by heating a circumferential band of the pipe to which the branch is welded. The width of the heated band must extend at least 1 inch beyond the weld joining the branch. (13) 0.30 C. max applies to specified ladle analysis. (14) 600 °F maximum interpass temperature. (15) Welding on P–3, P–4, and P–5 with 3 Cr max. may be interrupted only if— (i) At least (ii) The weld is allowed to cool slowly to room temperature; and (iii) The required preheat is resumed before welding is continued. (16) When attaching welding carbon steel non-pressure parts to steel pressure parts and the throat thickness of the fillet or partial or full penetration weld is (17) For Class I-L and II-L piping systems, relief from postweld heat treatment may not be dependent upon wall thickness. See also §§56.50–105(a)(3) and 56.50–105(b)(3) of this chapter. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGFR 69–127, 35 FR 9980, June 17, 1970; CGD 72–104R, 37 FR 14234, July 18, 1972; CGD 72–206R, 38 FR 17229, June 29, 1973; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40166, Sept. 2, 1975; CGD 77–140, 54 FR 40615, Oct. 2, 1989] (a) Where pressure retaining components having different thicknesses are welded together as is often the case when making branch connections, the preheat and postheat treatment requirements of Table 56.85–10 apply to the thicker of the components being joined. Postweld heat treatment is required for Classes I, I-L, II-L, and systems. It is not required for Class II piping. Refer to §56.50–105(a)(3) for exceptions in Classes I-L and II-L systems and to paragraph (b) of this section for Class I systems. (b) All buttwelded joints in Class I piping shall be postweld heated as required by Table 56.85–10. The following exceptions are permitted: (1) High pressure salt water piping systems used in tank cleaning operations; and, (2) Gas supply piping of carbon or carbon molybdenum steel used in gas turbines. (c) All complicated connections including manifolds shall be stress-relieved in a furnace as a whole as required by Table 56.85–10 before being taken aboard ship for installation. (d) (Reproduces 131.3.2.) The postheat treatment method selected for parts of an assembly shall not adversely affect other components. Heating a fabricated assembly as a complete unit is usually desirable; however, the size or shape of the unit or the adverse effect of a desired heat treatment on one or more components where dissimilar materials are involved, may dictate alternative procedures such as heating a section of the assembly before the attachment of others, or local circumferential band heating of welded joints in accordance with §56.85–15(j)(3) and note (12) of Table 56.85–10. (e) (Reproduces 131.3.3.) Postheat treatment of welded joints between dissimilar metals having different postheat requirements shall be that established in the qualified welding procedure. (f)–(h) [Reserved] (i) (Reproduces 131.3.4.) For those materials listed under P-No. 1, when the wall thickness of the thicker of the two abutting ends, after end preparation, is less than three-fourths inch, the weld need not be postheat treated. In all cases, where the nominal wall thickness is (j) (1)–(2) [Reserved] (3) In local postheat treatment the entire band must be brought up to uniform specified temperature over the complete circumference of the pipe section, with a gradual diminishing of the temperature outward from the edges of the band. [CGFR 68–82, 33 FR 18843, Dec. 18, 1968, as amended by CGD 72–206R, 38 FR 17229, June 29, 1973; CGD 73–254, 40 FR 40167, Sept. 2, 1975]
Title 46: Shipping
PART 56—PIPING SYSTEMS AND APPURTENANCES
Subpart 56.85—Heat Treatment of Welds
§ 56.85-5 Heating and cooling method (reproduces 131.1).
§ 56.85-10 Preheating.
Table 56.85-10_Preheat and Postheat Treatment of Welds-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Preheat required Post heat treatment requirement (1)(2) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Time cycle ----------------------- ASME Sec IX Nos. Minimum Minimum wall and Minimum Minimum wall temperature other Temperature Hour per time (3)(4) (inch) (5)(6)(°F) (3)(4)(17)(inch) (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(°F)(inch) inch of within wall range (3)(4) (hour)--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------P-1(16)........................ All.............. 50 (for .30 C. Over \3/4\ in..... 1,100 to 1,200 (minimum) (maximum)... 1 1 maximum or less) (13).P-1(16)........................ All.............. 175 (for over .30 ......do.......... ......do............................. 1 1 C.) (13) and wall thickness over 1 in.P-3(15)........................ All walls........ 175.............. Over \1/2\ in..... 1,200 to 1,350 (minimum) (maximum)... 1 1P-4(15)........................ Up to \3/4\ in 300.............. Over \1/2\ in or 1,330 to 1,400 (minimum) (maximum)... 1 1 inclusive. over 4 in nom. size or. Over \3/4\ in.... 400.............. Over .15 C. maximum.P-5(15) (less than 5 cr.)...... Up to \3/4\ in 300.............. Over \1/2\ in or 1,300 to 1,425 (minimum) (maximum)... 1 1 inclusive. over 4 in. nom. size or. Over \3/4\ in.... 400.............. Over 0.15 C. maximum.P-5(15) (5 cr. and higher)..... Up to \3/4\ 300.............. All walls......... ......do............................. 1 2 inclusive. Over \3/4\ in.... 400.............. Over 0.15 C. maximum.P-6............................ All walls........ 300 (14)......... All walls......... 1,400 to 1,500 (minimum) (maximum)... 1 2P-8............................ ......do......... None required.... ......do.......... None required........................--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
§ 56.85-15 Postheat treatment.
