46 C.F.R. Subpart 111.105—Hazardous Locations
Title 46 - Shipping
This subpart applies to installations in hazardous locations as defined in the NEC and in IEC 79–0. Note to §111.105–1: Chemicals and materials in addition to those listed in Table 500–2 of the NEC and IEC 79–12 are listed in subchapter O of this chapter. [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28284, June 4, 1996] All electrical installations in hazardous locations must comply with the general requirements of section 43 of IEEE Std 45 and either the NEC articles 500–505 or IEC series 79 publications. When installations are made in accordance with the NEC articles, marine shipboard cable that complies with subpart 111.60 of this chapter may be used instead of rigid metal conduit, if installed fittings are approved for the specific hazardous location and the cable type. [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28284, June 4, 1996] In order to maintain system integrity, each individual electrical installation in a hazardous location must comply specifically with NEC articles 500–505, as modified by §111.105–3, or IEC series 79 publications, but not in combination in a manner that would compromise system integrity or safety. Hazardous location equipment must be approved as suitable for use in the specific hazardous atmosphere in which it is installed. The use of non-approved equipment is prohibited. [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28284, June 4, 1996] When this subpart or the NEC states that an item of electrical equipment must be approved or when IEC 79–0 states that an item of electrical equipment must be tested or approved in order to comply with IEC 79 series publications, that item must be— (a) Listed or certified by an independent laboratory as approved for use in the hazardous locations in which it is installed; or (b) Purged and pressurized equipment that meets NFPA No. 496 or IEC 79–2. [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28284, June 4, 1996] Each item of electrical equipment that is required in this subpart to be explosionproof under the NEC classification system must be approved as meeting UL 1203. Each item of electrical equipment that is required in this subpart to be flameproof must be approved as meeting IEC 79–1. [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28284, June 4, 1996] (a) Each system required under this subpart to be intrinsically safe must use approved components meeting UL 913 or IEC 79–11(Ia). (b) Each electric cable of an intrinsically safe system must— (1) Be 50 mm (2 inches) or more from cable of non-intrinsically safe circuits, partitioned by a grounded metal barrier from other non-intrinsically safe electric cables, or a shielded or metallic armored cable; and (2) Not contain conductors for non-intrinsically safe systems. (c) As part of plan approval, the manufacturer must provide appropriate installation instructions and restrictions on approved system components. Typical instructions and restrictions include information addressing— (1) Voltage limitations; (2) Allowable cable parameters; (3) Maximum length of cable permitted; (4) Ability of system to accept passive devices; (5) Acceptability of interconnections with conductors or other equipment for other intrinsically safe circuits; and (6) Information regarding any instructions or restrictions which were a condition of approval of the system or its components. (d) Each intrinsically safe system must meet ISA RP 12.6, except Appendix A.1. [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28284, June 4, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 23909, May 1, 1997] Each item of electrical equipment that is— (a) A sand-filled apparatus must meet IEC 79–5; (b) An oil-immersed apparatus must meet either IEC 79–6 or NEC article 500–2; (c) Type of protection “e” must meet IEC 79–7; (d) Type of protection “n” must meet IEC 79–15; and (e) Type of protection “m” must meet IEC 79–18. [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28284, June 4, 1996] (a) Through runs of marine shipboard cable meeting subpart 111.60 of this part are required for all hazardous locations. Armored cable may be used to enhance ground detection capabilities. Additionally, Type MC cable may be used subject to the restrictions in §111.60–23. (b) Where conduit is installed, the applicable requirements of either the NEC or IEC 79 must be followed. (c) Each cable entrance into explosionproof or flameproof equipment must be made with approved seal fittings, termination fittings, or glands that meet the requirements of §111.105–9. (d) Each cable entrance into Class II and Class III (Zone 10, 11, Z, or Y) equipment must be made with dust-tight cable entrance seals approved for the installation. [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28284, June 4, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 23909, May 1, 1997] A switch that is explosionproof or flameproof, or that controls any explosionproof or flameproof equipment, under §111.105–19 must have a pole for each ungrounded conductor. [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28284, June 4, 1996] A ventilation duct which ventilates a hazardous location has the classification of that location. Each fan for ventilation of a hazardous location must be nonsparking. [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28285, June 4, 1996] Each belt drive in a hazardous location must have: (a) A conductive belt; and (b) Pulleys, shafts, and driving equipment grounded to meet NFPA No. 77. (a) Each vessel that carries combustible liquid cargo with a closed-cup flashpoint of 60 degrees C (140 degrees F) or higher must have: (1) Only intrinsically safe electric systems in cargo tanks; and (2) No storage battery in any cargo handling room. (b) If a submerged cargo pump motor is in a cargo tank, it must meet the requirements of §111.105–31(d). (c) Where the cargo is heated to within 15°C of its flashpoint, the cargo pumproom must meet the requirements of §111.105–31(f) and the weather locations must meet §111.105–31(l). [CGD 74–125A, 47 FR 15236, Apr. 8, 1982, as amended by CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28285, June 4, 1996; 61 FR 36787, July 12, 1996; 61 FR 39695, July 30, 1996] (a) Applicability. Each vessel that carries combustible or flammable cargo with a closed-cup flashpoint lower than 60 degrees C (140 degrees F) or liquid sulphur cargo, or inorganic acid cargo must meet the requirements of this section, except— (1) A vessel carrying bulk liquefied flammable gases as a cargo, cargo residue, or vapor which must meet the requirements of §111.105–32; and (2) A vessel carrying carbon disulfide must have only intrinsically safe electric equipment in the locations listed in paragraphs (e) through (l) of this section. (b) Cable location. Electric cable must be as close as practicable to the centerline and must be away from cargo tank openings. (c) Lighting circuits. An enclosed hazardous space that has explosionproof lighting fixtures must: (1) Have at least two lighting branch circuits; (2) Be arranged so that there is light for relamping any deenergized lighting circuit; and (3) Not have the switch within the space for those spaces containing explosionproof lighting fixtures under paragraphs (g), (i) and (j) of this section. (d) Submerged cargo pump motors. If a submerged cargo pump motor is in a cargo tank: (1) Low liquid level, motor current, or pump discharge pressure must automatically shutdown power to the motor if the pump loses suction; (2) An audible and visual alarm must be actuated by the shutdown of the motor; and (3) There must be a lockable circuit breaker or lockable switch that disconnects power to the motor. (e) Cargo tanks. A cargo tank is a Class I, Division 1 (IEC Zone 0) location which has additional electrical equipment restrictions outlined in IEEE Std 45 and IEC 92–502. Cargo tanks must not contain any electrical equipment except the following: (1) Intrinsically safe equipment. (2) Submerged cargo pump motors and their associated cable. (f) Cargo handling rooms. A cargo handling room must not have any electric cable or other electric equipment, except: (1) Intrinsically safe equipment; (2) Explosionproof lighting fixtures; (3) Cables supplying intrinsically safe equipment in the cargo handling room; and (4) Marine shipboard cables that supply explosionproof lighting fixtures that are in the cargo handling room. (g) Lighting of cargo handling rooms. Lighting for a cargo handling room except a cargo handling room under paragraph (h) of this section, must be lighted through fixed glass lenses in the bulkhead or overhead. Each fixed glass lens must be wire-inserted glass that is at least .025 inches (6.35 mm) thick and arranged to maintain the watertight and gastight integrity of the structure. The fixed glass lens may form a part of a listing fixture if the following are met: (1) There is no access to the interior of the fixture from the cargo handling room. (2) The fixture is vented to the engineroom or a similar nonhazardous area. (3) The fixture is wired from outside the cargo handling room. (4) The temperature on the cargo handling room surface of the glass lens, based on an ambient temperature of 40 degrees C, is not higher than 180 degrees C. (h) A cargo handling room which precludes the lighting arrangement of paragraph (g) of this section, or where the lighting arrangement of paragraph (g) of the section does not give the required light, must have explosionproof lighting fixtures. (i) Enclosed spaces. An enclosed space that is immediately above, below, or next to a cargo tank must not contain any electric equipment except equipment allowed for cargo handling rooms in paragraphs (f) and (g), and: (1) Through runs of marine shipboard cable; and (2) Watertight enclosures with bolted and gasketed covers containing only: (i) Depth sounding devices; (ii) Log devices; and (iii) Impressed-current cathodic protection system electrodes. (j) Cargo hose stowage space. A cargo hose stowage space must not have any electrical equipment except explosionproof lighting fixtures and through runs of marine shipboard cable. (k) Cargo piping in a space. A space that has cargo piping must not have any electrical equipment except explosionproof lighting fixtures and through runs of marine shipboard cable. (l) Weather locations. The following locations in the weather are Class I, Division 1 (Zone 1) locations (except the open deck area on an inorganic acid carrier which is considered a non-hazardous location) and may have only approved intrinsically safe, explosionproof, or purged and pressurized electrical equipment, and through runs of marine shipboard cable if the location is— (1) Within 10 feet (3 m) of: (i) A cargo tank vent outlet; (ii) A cargo tank ullage opening; (iii) A cargo pipe flange; (iv) A cargo valve; (v) A cargo handling room entrance; or (vi) A cargo handling room ventilation opening; or (2) On a tankship and on the open deck over the cargo area and 10 feet (3 m) forward and aft of the cargo area on the open deck and up to 8 feet (2.4 m) above the deck. (3) Within 5 meters (16 ft) of cargo pressure/vacuum valves with an unlimited height; or (4) Within 10 meters (33 ft) of vent outlets for free flow of vapor mixtures and high velocity vent outlets for the passage of large amounts of vapor, air or inert gas mixtures during cargo loading and ballasting or during discharging. (m) Other spaces. Except for those spaces listed in paragraphs (e) through (k), a space that has a direct opening to any space listed in paragraphs (e) through (l) must have only the electric installations that are allowed for the space to which it opens. (n) Duct keel ventilation or lighting. (1) The lighting and ventilation system for each pipe tunnel, double bottom, or duct keel must meet ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, section 4/5E1.15. (2) If a fixed gas detection system is installed, it must meet the requirements of SOLAS 74 and ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, section 4/5. [CGD 74–125A, 47 FR 15236, Apr. 8, 1982, as amended by CGD 82–096, 49 FR 4947, Feb. 9, 1984; CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28285, June 4, 1996; 61 FR 33045, June 26, 1996; 62 FR 23909, May 1, 1997] (a) Each vessel that carries bulk liquefied flammable gases or ammonia as a cargo, cargo residue, or vapor must meet the requirements of this section. (b) As used in this section: (1) The terms “gas-safe” and “gas-dangerous” spaces are used as defined in §154.7 of this chapter. (2) The term “gas-dangerous” does not include the weather deck of an ammonia carrier. (c) Each submerged cargo pump motor design must receive concept approval by the Commandant (G-MSE) and its installation must receive plan approval by the Commanding Officer, Marine Safety Center. (d) Electrical equipment must not be installed in a gas-dangerous space or zone, except: (1) Intrinsically safe electrical equipment and wiring, and (2) Other equipment as allowed in this section. (e) A submerged cargo pump motor, if installed in a cargo tank, must meet §111.105–31(d). (f) Electrical equipment must not be installed in a hold space that has a tank that is not required to have a secondary barrier under §154.459 of this chapter, except: (1) Through runs of marine shipboard cable; (2) Explosionproof lighting fixtures; (3) Depth sounding devices in gastight enclosures; (4) Log devices in gastight enclosures; (5) Impressed current cathodic protection system electrodes in gastight enclosures; and (6) Armored or MI type cable for a submerged cargo pump motor. (g) Electrical equipment must not be installed in a space that is separated by a gastight steel boundary from a hold space that has a tank that must have a secondary barrier under the requirements of §154.459 of this chapter, except: (1) Through runs of marine shipboard cable; (2) Explosionproof lighting fixtures; (3) Depth sounding devices in gastight enclosures; (4) Log devices in gastight enclosures; (5) Impressed current cathodic protection system electrodes in gastight enclosures; (6) Explosionproof motors that operate cargo system valves or ballast system valves; (7) Explosionproof bells for general alarm systems; and (8) Armored or MI type cable for a submerged cargo pump motor. (h) A cargo-handling room must not have any installed electrical equipment, except explosionproof lighting fixtures. (i) A space for cargo hose storage or a space that has cargo piping must not have any installed electrical equipment, except: (1) Explosionproof lighting fixtures; and (2) Through runs of marine shipboard cable. (j) A gas dangerous zone on the open deck must not have any installed electrical equipment, except: (1) Explosionproof equipment that is necessary for the operation of the vessel; and (2) Through runs of marine shipboard cable. (k) A space, except those named in paragraphs (f) through (i) of this section, that has a direct opening to gas-dangerous spaces or zones must have no electrical equipment except as allowed in the gas-dangerous space or zone. (l) Each gas-dangerous space that has lighting fixtures must have at least two branch circuits for lighting. (m) Each switch and each overcurrent protective device for any lighting circuit that is in a gas-dangerous space must open all conductors of the circuit simultaneously. (n) Each switch and each overcurrent protective device for lighting in a gas-dangerous space must be in a gas-safe space. [CGD 74–125A, 47 FR 15236, Apr. 8, 1982, as amended by CGD 77–069, 52 FR 31626, Aug. 21, 1987; CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28285, June 4, 1996; 62 FR 23909, May 1, 1997] (a) Applicability. This section applies to each mobile offshore drilling unit. (b) Definitions. As used in this section: (1) “Enclosed spaces” are locations delineated by floors, bulkheads, or decks which may have doors or windows. (2) “Semi-enclosed spaces” are locations where natural conditions of ventilation are notably different from those on open deck due to the presence of structures such as roofs, windbreaks, and bulkheads which are so arranged that dispersion of gas may not occur. (c) The internal space of each pressure vessel, tank, and pipe for drilling mud and for gas venting must have only intrinsically safe electric equipment. (d) The following are Class I, Division 1 locations: (1) An enclosed space that contains any part of the mud circulating system that has an opening into the space and is between the well and final degassing discharge. (2) An enclosed or semi-enclosed location that is below the drill floor and contains a possible source of gas release such as the top of a drilling nipple. (3) An enclosed space that is on the drill floor and is not separated by a solid, gas-tight floor from the spaces specified in paragraph (d)(2) of this section. (4) A space that would normally be considered a Division 2 location under paragraph (e) of this section but where combustible or flammable gases might accumulate. This could include pits, ducts, and similar structures downstream of the final degassing discharge. (5) A location in the weather or a semi-enclosed location, except as provided in paragraph (d)(2) of this section, that is within 5 feet (1.5 m) of the boundary of any: (i) Equipment or opening specified in paragraph (d)(1) of this section; (ii) Ventilation outlet, access, or other opening to a Class I, Division 1 space; or (iii) Gas vent outlet. (6) Except as provided in paragraph (f) of this section, an enclosed space that has an opening into a Class I, Division 1 location. (e) The following are Class I, Division 2 locations: (1) An enclosed space that has any open portion of the mud circulating system from the final degassing discharge to the mud suction connection at the mud pit. (2) A location in the weather that is: (i) Within the boundaries of the drilling derrick up to a height of 10 feet (3m) above the drill floor; (ii) Below the drill floor and within a radius of 10 feet (3m) of a possible source of release, such as the top of a drilling nipple; or (iii) Within 5 feet (1.5m) of the boundaries of any ventilation outlet, access, or other opening to a Class I, Division 2 space. (3) A location that is: (i) Within 5 feet (1.5m) of a semi-enclosed Class I, Division 1 location indicated in paragraph (d)(2) of this section; or (ii) Within 5 feet (1.5m) of a Class I, Division 1 space indicated in paragraph (d)(5). (4) A semi-enclosed area that is below and contiguous with the drill floor to the boundaries of the derrick or to the extent of any enclosure which is liable to trap gases. (5) A semi-enclosed derrick to the extent of its enclosure above the drill floor, or to a height of 10 feet (3m) above the drill floor, whichever is greater. (6) Except as provided in paragraph (f) of this section, an enclosed space that has an opening into a Class I, Division 2 location. (f) An enclosed space that has direct access to a Division 1 or Division 2 location is the same division as that location, except: (1) An enclosed space that has direct access to a Division 1 location is not a hazardous location if: (i) The access has self-closing gas-tight doors that form an air lock; (ii) The ventilation causes greater pressure in the space than in the Division 1 location; and (iii) Loss of ventilation overpressure is alarmed at a manned station; (2) An enclosed space that has direct access to a Division 1 location can be considered as a Division 2 location if: (i) The access has a self-closing, gas-tight door that opens into the space and that has no hold-back device; (ii) Ventilation causes the air to flow with the door open from the space into the Division 1 location; and (iii) Loss of ventilation is alarmed at a manned control station; and (3) An enclosed space that has direct access to a Division 2 location is not a hazardous location if: (i) The access has a self-closing, gas-tight door that opens into the space and that has no hold-back device; (ii) Ventilation causes the air to flow with the door open from the space into the Division 2 location; and (iii) Loss of ventilation actuates an alarm at a manned control station. (g) Electrical equipment and devices installed in spaces made non-hazardous by the methods indicated in paragraph (f) of this section must be limited to essential equipment. (a) The following are Class II, Division 1, (Zone 10 or Z) locations on a vessel that carries coal: (1) The interior of each coal bin and hold. (2) Each compartment that has a coal transfer point where coal is transferred, dropped, or dumped. (3) Each open area within 3 meters (10 ft) of a coal transfer point where coal is dropped or dumped. (b) Each space that has a coal conveyer on a vessel that carries coal is a Class II, Division 2, (Zone 11 or Y) space. (c) A space that has a coal conveyer on a vessel that carries coal must have electrical equipment approved for Class II, Division 2, (Zone 11 or Y) hazardous locations, except watertight general emergency alarm signals. [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28285, June 4, 1996] Each electric installation where a flammable anesthetic is used or stored must meet NFPA No. 99. [CGD 74–125A, 47 FR 15236, Apr. 8, 1982, as amended by CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28285, June 4, 1996] Each vessel that carries vehicles with fuel in their tanks must meet the requirements of ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, section 4/5E3, except as follows: (a) If the ventilation requirement of ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, section 4/5E3 is not met, all installed electrical equipment must be suitable for a Class I, Division 1; Zone 0; or Zone 1 hazardous location. (b) If the vessel is fitted with an approved fixed gas detection system set at 25 percent the LEL, each item of the installed electrical equipment must meet the requirements for a Class I, Division 1; Class I, Division 2; Zone 0; Zone 1; or Zone 2 hazardous location. [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28285, June 4, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 23909, May 1, 1997] (a) Each RO/RO vessel must meet ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, section 4/5E4. (b) Each item of installed electrical equipment must meet the requirements for a Class I, Division 1; Class I, Division 2; Zone 0; Zone 1; or Zone 2 hazardous location when installed 460 mm (18 inches) or more above the deck of closed cargo spaces. Electrical equipment installed within 460 mm (18 inches) of the deck must be suitable for either a Class I, Division 1; Zone 0; or Zone 1 hazardous location. (c) Where the ventilation requirement of ABS Rules for Building and Classing Steel Vessels, section 4/5E4 is not met— (1) All installed electrical equipment must be suitable for a Class I, Division 1; Zone 0; or Zone 1 hazardous location; or (2) If fitted with an approved fixed gas detection system (set at 25 percent of the LEL), each item of installed electrical equipment must meet the requirements for either a Class I, Division 1; Class I, Division 2; Zone 0; Zone 1; or Zone 2 hazardous location. [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28285, June 4, 1996; 61 FR 33045, June 26, 1996, as amended at 62 FR 23909, May 1, 1997] Each electrical installation in a battery room must meet subpart 111.15 of this part and IEEE Std 45. [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28285, June 4, 1996] A space for the stowage or mixing of paint must not have any electric equipment, except: (a) Intrinsically safe electric equipment approved for a Class I, Division 1, Group D (Zone 0 or Zone 1) location; (b) Explosionproof electric equipment approved for a Class I, Division 1, Group D (Zone 0 or Zone 1) location; or (c) Through runs of marine shipboard cable. [CGD 74–125A, 47 FR 15236, Apr. 8, 1982, as amended by CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28285, June 4, 1996; 62 FR 23909, May 1, 1997] (a) The following areas are Class II, Division 1, (Zone 10 or Z) locations on vessels carrying bulk agricultural products that may produce dust explosion hazards: (1) The interior of each cargo hold or bin. (2) Areas where cargo is transferred, dropped, or dumped and locations within 1 meter (3 feet) of the outer edge of these areas in all directions. (b) The following areas are Class II, Division 2, (Zone 11 or Y) locations on vessels carrying bulk agricultural products that may produce dust explosion hazards: (1) All areas within 2 meters (6.5 feet) of a Division 1 (Zone 10 or Z) location in all directions except when there is an intervening barrier, such as a bulkhead or deck. Note to §111.105–45: Information on the dust explosion hazards associated with the carriage of agricultural products is contained in Coast Guard Navigation and Vessel Inspection Circular 9–84 (NVIC 9–84) “Electrical Installations in Agricultural Dust Locations.” [CGD 94–108, 61 FR 28285, June 4, 1996]
Title 46: Shipping
PART 111—ELECTRIC SYSTEMS—GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
Subpart 111.105—Hazardous Locations
§ 111.105-1 Applicability.
§ 111.105-3 General requirements.
§ 111.105-5 System integrity.
§ 111.105-7 Approved equipment.
§ 111.105-9 Explosionproof and flameproof equipment.
§ 111.105-11 Intrinsically safe systems.
§ 111.105-15 Additional methods of protection.
§ 111.105-17 Wiring methods for hazardous locations.
§ 111.105-19 Switches.
§ 111.105-21 Ventilation.
§ 111.105-27 Belt drives.
§ 111.105-29 Combustible liquid cargo carriers.
§ 111.105-31 Flammable or combustible cargo with a flashpoint below 60 degrees C (140 degrees F), liquid sulphur carriers and inorganic acid carriers.
§ 111.105-32 Bulk liquefied flammable gas and ammonia carriers.
§ 111.105-33 Mobile offshore drilling units.
§ 111.105-35 Vessels carrying coal.
§ 111.105-37 Flammable anesthetics.
§ 111.105-39 Additional requirements for vessels carrying vehicles with fuel in their tanks.
§ 111.105-40 Additional requirements for RO/RO vessels.
§ 111.105-41 Battery rooms.
§ 111.105-43 Paint stowage or mixing spaces.
§ 111.105-45 Vessels carrying agricultural products.
