47 C.F.R. Subpart I—General Technical Standards
Title 47 - Telecommunication
Title 47: Telecommunication
PART 90—PRIVATE LAND MOBILE RADIO SERVICES
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Subpart I—General Technical Standards
§ 90.201 Scope.
This subpart sets forth the general technical requirements for use of frequencies and equipment in the radio services governed by this part. Such requirements include standards for acceptability of equipment, frequency tolerance, modulation, emissions, power, and bandwidths. Special additional technical standards applicable to certain frequency bands and certain specialized uses are set forth in subparts J, K, N, and R.
[67 FR 76700, Dec. 13, 2002]
§ 90.203 Certification required.
(a) Except as specified in paragraphs (b) and (l) of this section, each transmitter utilized for operation under this part and each transmitter marketed as set forth in §2.803 of this chapter must be of a type which has been certificated for use under this part.
(1) Effective October 16, 2002, except in the 1427–1432 MHz band, an equipment approval may no longer be obtained for in-hospital medical telemetry equipment operating under the provisions of this part. The requirements for obtaining an approval for medical telemetry equipment after this date are found in subpart H of part 95 of this chapter.
(2) Any manufacturer of radio transmitting equipment (including signal boosters) to be used in these services may request certification for such equipment following the procedures set forth in subpart J of part 2 of this chapter. Certification for an individual transmitter or signal booster also may be requested by an applicant for a station authorization by following the procedure set forth in part 2 of this chapter. Such equipment if approved will be individually enumerated on the station authorization.
(b) Certification is not required for the following:
(1) Transmitters used in developmental operations in accordance with subpart Q.
(2) Transmitters used for police zone and interzone stations authorized as of January 1, 1965.
(3) Transmitting equipment used in the band 1427–1435 MHz.
(4) Transmitters used in radiolocation stations in accordance with subpart F authorized prior to January 1, 1974, for public safety and land transportation applications (old parts 89 and 93).
(5) Transmitters used in radiolocation stations in accordance with subpart F authorized for industrial applications (old part 91) prior to January 1, 1978.
(6) [Reserved]
(7) Transmitters imported and marketed prior to September 1, 1996 for use by LMS systems.
(c) Radiolocation transmitters for use in public safety and land transportation applications marketed prior to January 1, 1974, must meet the applicable technical standards in this part, pursuant to §2.803 of this chapter.
(d) Radiolocation transmitters for use in public safety and land transportation applications marketed after January 1, 1974, must comply with the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section.
(e) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, transmitters designed to operate above 25 MHz shall not be certificated for use under this part if the operator can program and transmit on frequencies, other than those programmed by the manufacturer, service or maintenance personnel, using the equipment's external operation controls.
(f) Except as provided in paragraph (g) of this section, transmitters designed to operate above 25 MHz that have been approved prior to January 15, 1988, and that permit the operator, by using external controls, to program the transmitter's operating frequencies, shall not be manufactured in, or imported into the United States after March 15, 1988. Marketing of these transmitters shall not be permitted after March 15, 1989.
(g) Transmitters having frequency programming capability and that are designed to operate above 25 MHz are exempt from paragraphs (e) and (f) of this section if the design of such transmitters:
(1) Is such that transmitters with external controls normally available to the operator must be internally modified to place the equipment in the programmable mode. Further, while in the programmable mode, the equipment shall not be capable of transmitting. The procedures for making the modification and altering the frequency program shall not be made available with the operating information normally supplied to the end user of the equipment; or
(2) Requires the tramsitter to be programmed for frequencies through controls normally inaccessible to the operator; or
(3) Requires equipment to be programmed for frequencies through use of external devices or specifically programmed modules made available only to service/maintenance personnel; or
(4) Requires equipment to be programmed through cloning (copying a program directly from another transmitter) using devices and procedures made available only to service/maintenance personnel.
(h) The requirements of paragraphs (e), (f), and (g) of this section shall not apply if:
(1) The equipment has been designed and manufactured specifically for aircraft use; and
(2) The part 90 certification limits the use of the equipment to operations only under §90.423.
(i) Equipment certificated after February 16, 1988 and marketed for public safety operation in the 821–824/866–869 MHz bands must have the capability to be programmed for operation on the mutual aid channels as designated in §90.617(a) of the rules.
(j) Except where otherwise specially provided for, transmitters operating on frequencies in the 150–174 MHz and 406–512 MHz bands must comply with the following:
(1) Applications for certification received on or after January 1, 2005, for mobile and portable transmitters designed to transmit voice on public safety frequencies in the 150–174 MHz band will be granted only if the mobile/portable equipment is capable of operating on the nationwide public safety interoperability calling channel in the 150–174 MHz band. (See §90.20(c), (d) of this part.) Applications for certification received on or after January 1, 2005, for mobile and portable transmitters designed to transmit voice on public safety frequencies in the 450–470 MHz band will be granted only if the mobile/portable equipment is capable of operating on the nationwide public safety interoperability calling channel in the 450–470 MHz band. (See §90.20(c), (d) of this part.)
(2) Applications for certification received on or after February 14, 1997 but before January 1, 2005 will only be granted for equipment with the following channel bandwidths:
(i) 12.5 kHz or less for single bandwidth mode equipment or multi-bandwidth mode equipment with a maximum channel bandwidth of 12.5 kHz;
(ii) 25 kHz for multi-bandwidth mode equipment with a maximum channel bandwidth of 25 kHz if it is capable of operating on channels of 12.5 kHz or less; and
(iii) 25 kHz if the equipment meets the efficiency standard of paragraph (j)(3) of this section.
(3) Applications for part 90 certification of transmitters designed to operate on frequencies in the 150.8–162.0125 MHz, 173.2–173.4 MHz, and/or 421–512 MHz bands, received on or after February 14, 1997 must include a certification that the equipment meets a spectrum efficiency standard of one voice channel per 12.5 kHz of channel bandwidth. Additionally, if the equipment is capable of transmitting data, has transmitter output power greater than 500 mW, and has a channel bandwidth of more than 6.25 kHz, the equipment must be capable of supporting a minimum data rate of 4800 bits per second per 6.25 kHz of channel bandwidth.
(4) Applications for part 90 certification of transmitters designed to operate on frequencies in the 150.8–162.0125 MHz, 173.2–173.4 MHz, and/or 421–512 MHz bands, received on or after January 1, 2005, except for hand-held transmitters with an output power of two watts or less, will only be granted for equipment with the following channel bandwidths:
(i) 6.25 kHz or less for single bandwidth mode equipment;
(ii) 12.5 kHz for multi-bandwidth mode equipment with a maximum channel bandwidth of 12.5 kHz if it is capable of operating on channels of 6.25 kHz or less;
(iii) 25 kHz for multi-bandwidth mode equipment with a maximum channel bandwidth of 25 kHz if it is capable of operating on channels of 6.25 kHz or less; and
(iv) Up to 25 kHz if the equipment meets the efficiency standard of paragraph (j)(5) of this section.
(5) Applications for part 90 certification of transmitters designed to operate on frequencies in the 150.8–162.0125 MHz, 173.2–173.4 MHz, and/or 421–512 MHz bands, received on or after January 1, 2005, must include a certification that the equipment meets a spectrum efficiency standard of one voice channel per 6.25 kHz of channel bandwidth. Additionally, if the equipment is capable of transmitting data, has transmitter output power greater than 500 mW, and has a channel bandwidth of more than 6.25 kHz, the equipment must be capable of supporting a minimum data rate of 4800 bits per second per 6.25 kHz of channel bandwidth.
(6) Applications for certification received on or after January 1, 2011, except for hand-held transmitters with an output power of two watts or less, will only be granted for equipment with the following channel bandwidths:
(i) 6.25 kHz or less for single bandwidth mode equipment;
(ii) 12.5 kHz for multi-bandwidth mode equipment with a maximum channel bandwidth of 12.5 kHz if it is capable of operating on channels of 6.25 kHz or less; and
(iii) Up to 25 kHz if the equipment meets the efficiency standard of paragraph (j)(5) of this section.
(7) Modification and permissive changes to certification grants.
(i) The Commission's Equipment Authorization Division will not allow adding a multi-mode or narrowband operation capability to single bandwidth mode transmitters, except under the following conditions:
(A) Transmitters that have the inherent capability for multi-mode or narrowband operation allowed in paragraphs (j)(2) and (j)(4) of this section, may have their grant of certification modified (reissued) upon demonstrating that the original unit complies with the technical requirements for operation; and
(B) New FCC Identifiers will be required to identify equipment that needs to be modified to comply with the requirements of paragraphs (j)(2) and (j)(4) of this section.
(ii) All other applications for modification or permissive changes will be subject to the Rules of part 2 of this chapter.
(8) Transmitters designed only for one-way paging operations may be certificated with up to a 25 kHz bandwidth and are exempt from the spectrum efficiency requirements of paragraphs (j)(3) and (j)(5) of this section.
(9) The Commission's Equipment Authorization Division may, on a case by case basis, grant certification to equipment with slower data rates than specified in paragraphs (j)(3) and (j)(5) of this section, provided that a technical analysis is submitted with the application which describes why the slower data rate will provide more spectral efficiency than the standard data rate.
(10) Transmitters used for stolen vehicle recovery on 173.075 MHz must comply with the requirements of §90.20(e)(6).
(11) Except as provided in this paragraph, single-mode and multi-mode transmitters designed to operate in the 150–174 MHz and 421–512 MHz bands that operate with a maximum channel bandwidth greater than 12.5 kHz shall not be manufactured in, or imported into, the United States after January 1, 2011, except as follows:
(i) To the extent that the equipment meets the efficiency standard of paragraph (j)(3) of this section, or
(ii) Where operation with a bandwidth greater than 12.5 kHz is specified elsewhere.
(k) For transmitters operating on frequencies in the 220–222 MHz band, certification will only be granted for equipment with channel bandwidths up to 5 kHz, except that certification will be granted for equipment operating on 220–222 MHz band Channels 1 through 160 (220.0025 through 220.7975/221.0025 through 221.7975), 171 through 180 (220.8525 through 220.8975/221.8525 through 221.8975), and 186 through 200 (220.9275 through 220.9975/221.9275 through 221.9975) with channel bandwidths greater than 5 kHz.
(l) Ocean buoy and wildlife tracking transmitters operating in the band 40.66–40.70 MHz or 216–220 MHz under the provisions of §90.248 of this part shall be authorized under verification procedure pursuant to subpart J of part 2 of this chapter.
(m) Applications for part 90 certification received after December 31, 2014 will only be granted to transmitters designed to operate in the voice mode on channels designated in §§90.531.(b)(5) or 90.531(b)(6) that provide at least one voice path per 6.25 kHz of spectrum bandwidth.
(n) Transmitters designed to operate in the voice mode on channels designated in §§90.531(b)(5) or 90.531(b)(6) that do not provide at least one voice path per 6.25 kHz of spectrum bandwidth shall not be manufactured in, or imported into the United States after December 31, 2014. Marketing of these transmitters shall not be permitted after December 31, 2014.
(o) Equipment certification for transmitters in the 3650–3700 MHz band. (1) Applications for all transmitters must describe the methodology used to meet the requirement that each transmitter employ a contention based protocol (see §§90.7, 90.1305 and 90.1321);
(2) Applications for mobile transmitters must identify the base stations with which they are designed to communicate and describe how the requirement to positively receive and decode an enabling signal is incorporated (see §90.1333); and
(3) Applications for systems using advanced antenna technology must provide the algorithm used to reduce the equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) to the maximum allowed in the event of overlapping beams (see §90.1321).
(4) Applications for fixed transmitters must include a description of the installation instructions and guidelines for RF safety exposure requirements that will be included with the transmitter. (See §90.1335).
[43 FR 54791, Nov. 22, 1978; 44 FR 32219, June 5, 1979, as amended at 50 FR 13606, Apr. 5, 1985; 52 FR 47570, Dec. 15, 1987; 53 FR 1024, Jan. 15, 1988; 54 FR 38681, Sept. 20, 1989; 61 FR 18986, Apr. 30, 1996; 62 FR 2038, Jan. 15, 1997; 62 FR 18926, Apr. 17, 1997; 63 FR 36609, July 7, 1998; 64 FR 43095, Aug. 9, 1999; 65 FR 44008, July 17, 2000; 65 FR 66654, Nov. 7, 2000; 67 FR 41860, June 20, 2002; 67 FR 76700, Dec. 13, 2002; 68 FR 42313, July 17, 2003; 68 FR 68547, Dec. 9, 2003; 70 FR 21661, Apr. 27, 2005; 70 FR 21672, Apr. 27. 2005; 70 FR 24726, May 11, 2005; 70 FR 34692, June 15, 2005]
§ 90.205 Power and antenna height limits.
Applicants for licenses must request and use no more power than the actual power necessary for satisfactory operation. Except where otherwise specifically provided for, the maximum power that will be authorized to applicants whose license applications for new stations are filed after August 18, 1995 is as follows:
(a) Below 25 MHz. For single sideband operations (J3E emission), the maximum transmitter peak envelope power is 1000 watts.
(b) 25–50 MHz. The maximum transmitter output power is 300 watts.
(c) 72–76 MHz. The maximum effective radiated power (ERP) for stations operating on fixed frequencies is 300 watts. Stations operating on mobile-only frequencies are limited to one watt transmitter output power.
(d) 150–174 MHz. (1) The maximum allowable station ERP is dependent upon the station's antenna HAAT and required service area and will be authorized in accordance with table 1. Applicants requesting an ERP in excess of that listed in table 1 must submit an engineering analysis based upon generally accepted engineering practices and standards that includes coverage contours to demonstrate that the requested station parameters will not produce coverage in excess of that which the applicant requires.
(2) Applications for stations where special circumstances exist that make it necessary to deviate from the ERP and antenna heights in Table 1 will be submitted to the frequency coordinator accompanied by a technical analysis, based upon generally accepted engineering practices and standards, that demonstrates that the requested station parameters will not produce a signal strength in excess of 37 dBu at any point along the edge of the requested service area. The coordinator may then recommend any ERP appropriate to meet this condition.
(3) An applicant for a station with a service area radius greater than 40 km (25 mi) must justify the requested service area radius, which will be authorized only in accordance with table 1, note 4. For base stations with service areas greater than 80 km, all operations 80 km or less from the base station will be on a primary basis and all operations outside of 80 km from the base station will be on a secondary basis and will be entitled to no protection from primary operations.
Table 1_150-174MHz_Maximum ERP/Reference HAAT for a Specific Service Area Radius-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Service area radius (km) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 8 13 16 24 32 40 48 \4\ 64 \4\ 80 \4\--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Maximum ERP (w)\1\............................................ 1 28 178 \2\ 500 \2\ 500 \2\ 500 500 \2\ 500 \2\ 500 \2\ 500Up to reference HAAT (m) \3\.................................. 15 15 15 15 33 65 110 160 380 670--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Maximum ERP indicated provides for a 37 dBu signal strength at the edge of the service area per FCC Report R-6602, Fig. 19 (See § 73.699, Fig. 10).\2\ Maximum ERP of 500 watts allowed. Signal strength at the service area contour may be less than 37 dBu.\3\ When the actual antenna HAAT is greater than the reference HAAT, the allowable ERP will be reduced in accordance with the following equation: ERPallow = ERPmax x (HAATref / HAATactual)\2\.\4\ Applications for this service area radius may be granted upon specific request with justification and must include a technical demonstration that the signal strength at the edge of the service area does not exceed 37 dBu.
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(e) 217–220 MHz. Limitations on power and antenna heights are specified in §90.259.
(f) 220–222 MHz. Limitations on power and antenna heights are specified in §90.729.
(g) 421–430 MHz. Limitations on power and antenna heights are specified in §90.279.
(h) 450–470 MHz. (1) The maximum allowable station effective radiated power (ERP) is dependent upon the station's antenna HAAT and required service area and will be authorized in accordance with table 2. Applicants requesting an ERP in excess of that listed in table 2 must submit an engineering analysis based upon generally accepted engineering practices and standards that includes coverage contours to demonstrate that the requested station parameters will not produce coverage in excess of that which the applicant requires.
(2) Applications for stations where special circumstances exist that make it necessary to deviate from the ERP and antenna heights in Table 2 will be submitted to the frequency coordinator accompanied by a technical analysis, based upon generally accepted engineering practices and standards, that demonstrates that the requested station parameters will not produce a signal strength in excess of 39 dBu at any point along the edge of the requested service area. The coordinator may then recommend any ERP appropriate to meet this condition.
(3) An applicant for a station with a service area radius greater than 32 km (20 mi) must justify the requested service area radius, which may be authorized only in accordance with table 2, note 4. For base stations with service areas greater than 80 km, all operations 80 km or less from the base station will be on a primary basis and all operations outside of 80 km from the base station will be on a secondary basis and will be entitled to no protection from primary operations.
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Table 2_450-470 MHz_Maximum ERP/Reference HAAT for a Specific Service Area Radius-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Service area radius (km) ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 8 13 16 24 32 40 \4\ 48 \4\ 64 \4\ 80 \4\--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Maximum ERP (w) \1\........................................... 2 100 \2\ 500 \2\ 500 \2\ 500 \2\ 500 \2\ 500 \2\ 500 \2\ 500 \2\ 500Up to reference HAAT (m) \3\.................................. 15 15 15 27 63 125 250 410 950 2700--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Maximum ERP indicated provides for a 39 dBu signal strength at the edge of the service area per FCC Report R-6602, Fig. 29 (See § 73.699, Fig. 10 b).\2\ Maximum ERP of 500 watts allowed. Signal strength at the service area contour may be less than 39 dBu.\3\ When the actual antenna HAAT is greater than the reference HAAT, the allowable ERP will be reduced in accordance with the following equation: ERPallow = ERPmax x (HAATref / HAATactual)\2\.\4\ Applications for this service area radius may be granted upon specific request with justification and must include a technical demonstration that the signal strength at the edge of the service area does not exceed 39 dBu.
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(i) 470–512 MHz. Power and height limitations are specified in §§90.307 and 90.309.
(j) 764–776 MHz, 794–824 MHz, 851–869 MHz, 896–901 MHz and 935–940 MHz. Power and height limitations are specified in §90.635.
(k) 902–928 MHz. LMS systems operating pursuant to subpart M of this part in the 902–927.25 MHz band will be authorized a maximum of 30 watts ERP. LMS equipment operating in the 927.25–928 MHz band will be authorized a maximum of 300 watts ERP. ERP must be measured as peak envelope power. Antenna heights will be as specified in §90.353(h).
(l) 929–930 MHz. Limitations on power and antenna heights are specified in §90.494.
(m) 1427–1429.5 MHz and 1429.5–1432 MHz. Limitations on power are specified in §90.259.
(n) 2450–2483.5 MHz. The maximum transmitter power is 5 watts.
(o) 4940–4990 MHz. Limitations on power are specified in §90.1215.
(p) 5850–5925 MHz. Power and height limitations are specified in subpart M of this part.
(q) All other frequency bands. Requested transmitter power will be considered and authorized on a case by case basis.
(r) The output power shall not exceed by more than 20 percent either the output power shown in the Radio Equipment List [available in accordance with §90.203(a)(1)] for transmitters included in this list or when not so listed, the manufacturer's rated output power for the particular transmitter specifically listed on the authorization.
[60 FR 37262, July 19, 1995, as amended at 62 FR 2039, Jan. 15, 1997; 63 FR 58651, Nov. 2, 1998; 64 FR 66409, Nov. 26, 1999; 67 FR 41860, June 20, 2002; 68 FR 38639, June 30, 2003; 69 FR 46443, Aug. 3, 2004] § 90.207 Types of emissions.
Unless specified elsewhere in this part, stations will be authorized emissions as provided for in paragraphs (b) through (n) of this section.
(a) Most common emission symbols. For a complete listing of emission symbols allowable under this part, see §2.201 of this chapter.
(1) The first symbol indicates the type of modulation on the transmitter carrier.
A—Amplitude modulation, double sideband with identical information on each sideband.
F—Frequency modulation.
G—Phase modulation.
J—Single sideband with suppressed carrier.
P—Unmodulated pulse.
W—Cases not covered above, in which an emission consists of the main carrier modulated, either simultaneously or in a pre-established sequence, in a combination of two or more of the following modes: amplitude, angle, pulse.
(2) The second symbol indicates the type of signal modulating the transmitter carrier.
0—No modulation.
1—Digital modulation, no subcarrier.
2—Digital modulation, modulated subcarrier.
3—Analog modulation.
(3) The third symbol indicates the type of transmitted information.
A—Telegraphy for aural reception.
B—Telegraphy for machine reception.
C—Facsimile.
D—Data, telemetry, and telecommand.
E—Voice.
N—No transmitted information.
W—Combination of the above.
(b) Authorizations to use A3E, F3E, or G3E emission also include the use of emissions for tone signals or signaling devices whose sole functions are to establish and to maintain communications, to provide automatic station identification, and for operations in the Public Safety Pool, to activate emergency warning devices used solely for the purpose of advising the general public or emergency personnel of an impending emergency situation.
(c) The use of F3E or G3E emission in these services will be authorized only on frequencies above 25 MHz.
(d) Except for Traveler's Information stations in the Public Safety Pool authorized in accordance with §90.242, only J3E emission will be authorized for telephony systems on frequencies below 25 MHz.
(e) For non-voice paging operations, only A1A, A1D, A2B, A2D, F1B, F1D, F2B, F2D, G1B, G1D, G2B, or G2D emissions will be authorized.
(f) For radioteleprinter operations that may be authorized in accordance with §90.237, only F1B, F2B, G1B or G2B emissions will be authorize above 25 MHz, and A1B or A2B emissions below 25 MHz.
(g) For radiofacsimile operations that may be authorized in accordance with §90.237, only F3C or G3C emissions will be authorized above 25 MHz, and A3C emissions below 25 MHz.
(h) [Reserved]
(i) For telemetry operations, when specifically authorized under this part, only A1D, A2D, F1D, or F2D emissions will be authorized.
(j) For call box operations that may be authorized in accordance with §90.241, only A1A, A1D, A2B, A2D, F1B, F1D, F2B, F2D, G1B, G1D, G2B, G2D, F3E or G3E emissions will be authorized.
(k) For radiolocation operations as may be authorized in accordance with subpart F, unless otherwise provided for any type of emission may be authorized upon a satisfactory showing of need.
(l) For stations in the Public Safety and Industrial/Business Pools utilizing digital voice modulation, in either the scrambled or unscrambled mode, F1E or G1E emission will be authorized. Authorization to use digital voice emissions is construed to include the use of F1D, F2D, G1D, or G2D emission subject to the provisions of §90.233.
(m) For narrowband operations in a 3.6 kHz maximum authorized bandwith, any modulation type may be used which complies with the emission limitations of §90.209.
(n) Other emissions. Requests for emissions other than those listed in paragraphs (c) through (e) of this section will be considered on a case-by-case basis to ensure that the requested emission will not cause more interference than other currently permitted emissions.
[49 FR 48711, Dec. 14, 1984, as amended at 50 FR 13606, Apr. 5, 1985; 50 FR 25240, June 18, 1985; 52 FR 29856, Aug. 12, 1987; 54 FR 38681, Sept. 20, 1989; 60 FR 15252, Mar. 23, 1995; 60 FR 37263, July 19, 1995; 62 FR 2039, Jan. 15, 1997; 62 FR 18927, Apr. 17, 1997; 64 FR 36270, July 6, 1999] § 90.209 Bandwidth limitations.
(a) Each authorization issued to a station licensed under this part will show an emission designator representing the class of emission authorized. The designator will be prefixed by a specified necessary bandwidth. This number does not necessarily indicate the bandwidth occupied by the emission at any instant. In those cases where §2.202 of this chapter does not provide a formula for the computation of necessary bandwidth, the occupied bandwidth, as defined in part 2 of this chapter, may be used in lieu of the necessary bandwidth.
(b) The maximum authorized single channel bandwidth of emission corresponding to the type of emission specified in §90.207 is as follows:
(1) For A1A or A1B emissions, the maximum authorized bandwidth is 0.25 kHz. The maximum authorized bandwidth for type A3E emission is 8 kHz.
(2) For operations below 25 MHz utilizing J3E emission, the bandwidth occupied by the emission shall not exceed 3000 Hz. The assigned frequency will be specified in the authorization. The authorized carrier frequency will be 1400 Hz lower in frequency than the assigned frequency. Only upper sideband emission may be used. In the case of regularly available double sideband radiotelephone channels, an assigned frequency for J3E emissions is available either 1600 Hz below or 1400 Hz above the double sideband radiotelephone assigned frequency.
(3) For all other types of emissions, the maximum authorized bandwidth shall not be more than that normally authorized for voice operations.
(4) Where a frequency is assigned exclusively to a single licensee, more than a single emission may be used within the authorized bandwidth. In such cases, the frequency stability requirements of §90.213 must be met for each emission.
(5) Unless specified elsewhere, channel spacings and bandwidths that will be authorized in the following frequency bands are given in the following table.
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Standard Channel Spacing/Bandwidth------------------------------------------------------------------------ Channel Frequency band (MHz) spacing Authorized (kHz) bandwidth (kHz)------------------------------------------------------------------------Below 25 \2\................................25-50....................................... 20 2072-76....................................... 20 20150-174..................................... \1\7.5 \1,3\ 20/11.25/6216-2205.................................... 6.25 20/11.25/6 \5\220-222..................................... 5 4406-512 \2\................................. \1\ 6.25 \13\ 20/11.25/6806-809/851-854............................. 12.5 20809-824/854-869............................. 25 20896-901/935-940............................. 12.5 13.6902-928 \4\.................................929-930..................................... 25 201427-1432 \5\............................... 12.5 12.52450-2483.52 \2\............................Above 2500 \2\..............................------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ For stations authorized on or after August 18, 1995.\2\ Bandwidths for radiolocation stations in the 420-450 MHz band and for stations operating in bands subject to this footnote will be reviewed and authorized on a case-by-case basis.\3\ Operations using equipment using a 25 kHz bandwidth will be authorized a 20 kHz bandwidth. Operations using equipment designed to operate with a 12.5 kHz channel bandwidth will be authorized an 11.25 kHz bandwidth. Operations using equipment designed to operate with a 6.25 kHz channel bandwidth will be authorized a 6 kHz bandwidth. All stations must operate on channels with a bandwidth of 12.5 kHz or less beginning January 1, 2013, unless the operations meet the efficiency standard of § 90.203(j)(3) unless specified elsewhere.\4\ The maximum authorized bandwidth shall be 12 MHz for non- multilateration LMS operations in the band 909.75-921.75 MHz and 2 MHz in the band 902.00-904.00 MHz. The maximum authorized bandwidth for multilateration LMS operations shall be 5.75 MHz in the 904.00-909.75 MHz band; 2 MHz in the 919.75-921.75 MHz band; 5.75 MHz in the 921.75- 927.25 MHz band and its associated 927.25-927.50 MHz narrowband forward link; and 8.00 MHz if the 919.75-921.75 MHz and 921.75-927.25 MHz bands and their associated 927.25-927.50 MHz and 927.50-927.75 MHz narrowband forward links are aggregated.
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(6)(i) Beginning January 1, 2011, no new applications for the 150–174 MHz and/or 421–512 MHz bands will be acceptable for filing if the applicant utilizes channels with an authorized bandwidth exceeding 11.25 kHz, unless specified elsewhere or the operations meet the efficiency standards of §90.203(j)(3).
(ii) Beginning January 1, 2011, no modification applications for stations in the 150–174 MHz and/or 421–512 MHz bands that increase the station's authorized interference contour, will be acceptable for filing if the applicant utilizes channels with an authorized bandwidth exceeding 11.25 kHz, unless specified elsewhere or the operations meet the efficiency standards of §90.203(j)(3). See §90.187(b)(2)(iii) and (iv) for interference contour designations and calculations. Applications submitted pursuant to this paragraph must comply with frequency coordination requirements of §90.175.
[60 FR 37263, July 19, 1995, as amended at 67 FR 41860, June 20, 2002; 68 FR 42314, July 17, 2003; 68 FR 54769, Sept. 18, 2003; 69 FR 39867, July 1, 2004; 69 FR 67837, Nov. 22, 2004; 70 FR 21661, Apr. 27, 2005; 70 FR 34693, June 15, 2005] § 90.210 Emission masks.
Except as indicated elsewhere in this part, transmitters used in the radio services governed by this part must comply with the emission masks outlined in this section. Unless otherwise stated, per paragraphs (d)(4), (e)(4), and (m) of this section, measurements of emission power can be expressed in either peak or average values provided that emission powers are expressed with the same parameters used to specify the unmodulated transmitter carrier power. For transmitters that do not produce a full power unmodulated carrier, reference to the unmodulated transmitter carrier power refers to the total power contained in the channel bandwidth. Unless indicated elsewhere in this part, the table in this section specifies the emission masks for equipment operating in the frequency bands governed under this part.
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Applicable Emission Masks------------------------------------------------------------------------ Mask for equipment Mask for equipment Frequency band (MHz) with Audio low without audio low pass filter pass filter------------------------------------------------------------------------Below 25 \1\.................... A or B A or C25-50........................... B C72-76........................... B C150-174 \2\..................... B, D, or E C, D, or E150 Paging-only................. B C220-222......................... F F421-512 \2\..................... B, D, or E C, D, or E450 Paging-only................. B G806-809/851-854................. B H809-824/854-869 \3\............. B G896-901/935-940................. I J902-928......................... K K929-930......................... B G4940-4990 MHz................... L or M L or M.5850-5925 \4\................... ..................All other bands................. B C------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Equipment using single sideband J3E emission must the requirements of Emission Mask A. Equipment using other emissions must meet the requirements of Emission Mask B or C, as applicable.\2\ Equipment designed to operate with a 25 kHz channel bandwidth must meet the requirements of Emission Mask B or C, as applicable. Equipment designed to operate with a 12.5 kHz channel bandwidth must meet the requirements of Emission Mask D, and equipment designed to operate with a 6.25 kHz channel bandwidth Must meet the requirements of Emission Mask E.\3\ Equipment used in this licensed to EA or non-EA systems shall comply with the emission mask provisions of § 90.691.\4\ DSRCS Roadside Units equipment in the 5850-5925 MHz band is governed under subpart M of this part.
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(a) Emission Mask A. For transmitters utilizing J3E emission, the carrier must be at least 40 dB below the peak envelope power and the power of emissions must be reduced below the output power (P in watts) of the transmitter as follows:
(1) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency by more than 50 percent, but not more than 150 percent of the authorized bandwidth: At least 25 dB.
(2) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency by more than 150 percent, but not more than 250 percent of the authorized bandwidth: At least 35 dB.
(3) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency by more than 250 percent of the authorized bandwidth: At least 43 + 10 log P dB.
(b) Emission Mask B. For transmitters that are equipped with an audio low-pass filter, the power of any emission must be attenuated below the unmodulated carrier power (P) as follows:
(1) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency by more than 50 percent, but not more than 100 percent of the authorized bandwidth: At least 25 dB.
(2) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency by more than 100 percent, but not more than 250 percent of the authorized bandwidth: At least 35 dB.
(3) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency by more than 250 percent of the authorized bandwidth: At least 43 + 10 log (P) dB.
(c) Emission Mask C. For transmitters that are not equipped with an audio low-pass filter, the power of any emission must be attenuated below the unmodulated carrier output power (P) as follows:
(1) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz) of more than 5 kHz, but not more than 10 kHz: At least 83 log (fd/5) dB;
(2) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz) of more than 10 kHz, but not more than 250 percent of the authorized bandwidth: At least 29 log (fd2 /11) dB or 50 dB, whichever is the lesser attenuation;
(3) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by more than 250 percent of the authorized bandwidth: At least 43 + 10 log (P) dB.
(d) Emission Mask D—12.5 kHz channel bandwidth equipment. For transmitters designed to operate with a 12.5 kHz channel bandwidth, any emission must be attenuated below the power (P) of the highest emission contained within the authorized bandwidth as follows:
(1) On any frequency from the center of the authorized bandwidth f0 to 5.625 kHz removed from f0: Zero dB.
(2) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz) of more than 5.625 kHz but no more than 12.5 kHz: At least 7.27(fd−2.88 kHz) dB.
(3) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz) of more than 12.5 kHz: At least 50 + 10 log (P) dB or 70 dB, whichever is the lesser attenuation.
(4) The reference level for showing compliance with the emission mask shall be established using a resolution bandwidth sufficiently wide (usually two to three times the channel bandwidth) to capture the true peak emission of the equipment under test. In order to show compliance with the emissions mask up to and including 50 kHz removed from the edge of the authorized bandwidth, adjust the resolution bandwidth to 100 Hz with the measuring instrument in a peak hold mode. A sufficient number of sweeps must be measured to insure that the emission profile is developed. If video filtering is used, its bandwidth must not be less than the instrument resolution bandwidth. For emissions beyond 50 kHz from the edge of the authorized bandwidth, see paragraph (m) of this section. If it can be shown that use of the above instrumentation settings do not accurately represent the true interference potential of the equipment under test, then an alternate procedure may be used provided prior Commission approval is obtained.
(e) Emission Mask E—6.25 kHz or less channel bandwidth equipment. For transmitters designed to operate with a 6.25 kHz or less bandwidth, any emission must be attenuated below the power (P) of the highest emission contained within the authorized bandwidth as follows:
(1) On any frequency from the center of the authorized bandwidth f0 to 3.0 kHz removed from f0: Zero dB.
(2) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz) of more than 3.0 kHz but no more than 4.6 kHz: At least 30 + 16.67(fd−3 kHz) or 55 + 10 log (P) or 65 dB, whichever is the lesser attenuation.
(3) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by more than 4.6 kHz: At least 55 + 10 log (P) or 65 dB, whichever is the lesser attenuation.
(4) The reference level for showing compliance with the emission mask shall be established using a resolution bandwidth sufficiently wide (usually two to three times the channel bandwidth) to capture the true peak emission of the equipment under test. In order to show compliance with the emissions mask up to and including 50 kHz removed from the edge of the authorized bandwidth, adjust the resolution bandwidth to 100 Hz with the measuring instrument in a peak hold mode. A sufficient number of sweeps must be measured to insure that the emission profile is developed. If video filtering is used, its bandwidth must not be less than the instrument resolution bandwidth. For emissions beyond 50 kHz from the edge of the authorized bandwidth, see paragraph (m) of this section. If it can be shown that use of the above instrumentation settings do not accurately represent the true interference potential of the equipment under test, then an alternate procedure may be used provided prior Commission approval is obtained.
(f) Emission Mask F. For transmitters operating in the 220–222 MHz frequency band, any emission must be attenuated below the power (P) of the highest emission contained within the authorized bandwidth as follows:
(1) On any frequency from the center of the authorized bandwidth fo to the edge of the authorized bandwidth fe: Zero dB.
(2) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz) of more than 2 kHz up to and including 3.75 kHz: 30 + 20(fd -2) dB or 55 + 10 log (P), or 65 dB, whichever is the lesser attenuation.
(3) On any frequency beyond 3.75 kHz removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth fd: At least 55 + 10 log (P) dB.
(g) Emission Mask G. For transmitters that are not equipped with an audio low-pass filter, the power of any emission must be attenuated below the unmodulated carrier power (P) as follows:
(1) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz) of more than 10 kHz, but no more than 250 percent of the authorized bandwidth: At least 116 log (fd/6.1) dB, or 50 + 10 log (P) dB, or 70 dB, whichever is the lesser attenuation;
(2) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by more than 250 percent of the authorized bandwidth: At least 43 + 10 log (P) dB.
(h) Emission Mask H. For transmitters that are not equipped with an audio low-pass filter, the power of any emission must be attenuated below the unmodulated carrier power (P) as follows:
(1) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz) of 4 kHz or less: Zero dB.
(2) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz) of more than 4 kHz, but no more than 8.5 kHz: At least 107 log (fd/4) dB;
(3) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz) of more than 8.5 kHz, but no more than 15 kHz: At least 40.5 log (fd/1.16) dB;
(4) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz) of more than 15 kHz, but no more than 25 kHz: At least 116 log (fd/6.1) dB;
(5) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by more than 25 kHz: At least 43 + log (P) dB.
(i) Emission Mask I. For transmitters that are equipped with an audio low pass filter, the power of any emission must be attenuated below the unmodulated carrier power of the transmitter (P) as follows:
(1) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency of more than 6.8 kHz, but no more than 9.0 kHz: At least 25 dB;
(2) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency of more than 9.0 kHz, but no more than 15 kHz: At least 35 dB;
(3) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency of more than 15 kHz: At least 43 + 10 log (P) dB, or 70 dB, whichever is the lesser attenuation.
(j) Emission Mask J. For transmitters that are not equipped with an audio low-pass filter, the power of any emission must be attenuated below the unmodulated carrier power of the transmitter (P) as follows:
(1) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz) of more than 2.5 kHz, but no more than 6.25 kHz: At least 53 log (fd/2.5) dB;
(2) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz) of more than 6.25 kHz, but no more than 9.5 kHz: At least 103 log (fd/3.9) dB;
(3) On any frequency removed from the center of the authorized bandwidth by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz) of more than 9.5 kHz: At least 157 log (fd/5.3) dB, or 50 + 10 log (P) dB or 70 dB, whichever is the lesser attenuation.
(k) Emission Mask K—(1) Wideband multilateration transmitters. For transmitters authorized under subpart M to provide forward or reverse links in a multilateration system in the subbands 904–909.75 MHz, 921.75–927.25 MHz and 919.75–921.75 MHz, and which transmit an emission occupying more than 50 kHz bandwidth: in any 100 kHz band, the center frequency of which is removed from the center of authorized sub-band(s) by more than 50 percent of the authorized bandwidth, the power of emissions shall be attenuated below the transmitter output power, as specified by the following equation, but in no case less than 31 dB:
A=16+0.4 (D−50)+10 log B (attenuation greater than 66 dB is not required)
Where:
A = attenuation (in decibels) below the maximum permitted output power level
D = displacement of the center frequency of the measurement bandwidth from the center frequency of the authorized sub-band, expressed as a percentage of the authorized bandwidth B
B = authorized bandwidth in megahertz.
(2) Narrowband forward link transmitters. For LMS multilateration narrowband forward link transmitters operating in the 927.25–928 MHz frequency band the power of any emission shall be attenuated below the transmitter output power (P) in accordance with following schedule:
On any frequency outside the authorized sub-band and removed from the edge of the authorized sub-band by a displacement frequency (fd in kHz): at least 116 log ((fd+10)/6.1) dB or 50 + 10 log (P) dB or 70 dB, whichever is the lesser attenuation.
(3) Other transmitters. For all other transmitters authorized under subpart M that operate in the 902–928 MHz band, the peak power of any emission shall be attenuated below the power of the highest emission contained within the licensee's sub-band in accordance with the following schedule:
(i) On any frequency within the authorized bandwidth: Zero dB.
(ii) On any frequency outside the licensee's sub-band edges: 55 + 10 log(P) dB, where (P) is the highest emission (watts) of the transmitter inside the licensee's sub-band.
(4) In the 902–928 MHz band, the resolution bandwidth of the instrumentation used to measure the emission power shall be 100 kHz, except that, in regard to paragraph (2) of this section, a minimum spectrum analyzer resolution bandwidth of 300 Hz shall be used for measurement center frequencies with 1 MHz of the edge of the authorized subband. The video filter bandwidth shall not be less than the resolution bandwidth.
(5) Emission power shall be measured in peak values.
(6) The LMS sub-band edges for non-multilateration systems for which emissions must be attenuated are 902.00, 904.00, 909.5 and 921.75 MHz.
(l) Emission Mask L. For low power transmitters (20 dBm or less) operating in the 4940–4990 MHz frequency band, the power spectral density of the emissions must be attenuated below the output power of the transmitter as follows:
(1) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 0–45% of the authorized bandwidth (BW): 0 dB.
(2) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 45–50% of the authorized bandwidth: 219 log (% of (BW)/45) dB.
(3) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 50–55% of the authorized bandwidth: 10 + 242 log (% of (BW)/50) dB.
(4) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 55–100% of the authorized bandwidth: 20 + 31 log (% of (BW)/55) dB attenuation.
(5) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 100–150% of the authorized bandwidth: 28 + 68 log (% of (BW)/100) dB attenuation.
(6) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency above 150% of the authorized bandwidth: 50 dB.
(7) The zero dB reference is measured relative to the highest average power of the fundamental emission measured across the designated channel bandwidth using a resolution bandwidth of at least one percent of the occupied bandwidth of the fundamental emission and a video bandwidth of 30 kHz. The power spectral density is the power measured within the resolution bandwidth of the measurement device divided by the resolution bandwidth of the measurement device. Emission levels are also based on the use of measurement instrumentation employing a resolution bandwidth of at least one percent of the occupied bandwidth.
(m) Emission Mask M. For high power transmitters (greater that 20 dBm) operating in the 4940–4990 MHz frequency band, the power spectral density of the emissions must be attenuated below the output power of the transmitter as follows:
(1) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 0–45% of the authorized bandwidth (BW): 0 dB.
(2) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 45–50% of the authorized bandwidth: 568 log (% of (BW)/45) dB.
(3) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 50–55% of the authorized bandwidth: 26 + 145 log (% of BW/50) dB.
(4) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 55–100% of the authorized bandwidth: 32 + 31 log (% of (BW)/55) dB.
(5) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between 100–150% of the authorized bandwidth: 40 + 57 log (% of (BW)/100) dB.
(6) On any frequency removed from the assigned frequency between above 150% of the authorized bandwidth: 50 dB or 55 + 10 log (P) dB, whichever is the lesser attenuation.
(7) The zero dB reference is measured relative to the highest average power of the fundamental emission measured across the designated channel bandwidth using a resolution bandwidth of at least one percent of the occupied bandwidth of the fundamental emission and a video bandwidth of 30 kHz. The power spectral density is the power measured within the resolution bandwidth of the measurement device divided by the resolution bandwidth of the measurement device. Emission levels are also based on the use of measurement instrumentation employing a resolution bandwidth of at least one percent of the occupied bandwidth.
Note to paragraph m: Low power devices may as an option, comply with paragraph (m).
(n) Other frequency bands. Transmitters designed for operation under this part on frequencies other than listed in this section must meet the emission mask requirements of Emission Mask B. Equipment operating under this part on frequencies allocated to but shared with the Federal Government, must meet the applicable Federal Government technical standards.
(o) Instrumentation. The reference level for showing compliance with the emission mask shall be established, except as indicated in §§90.210 (d), (e), and (k), using standard engineering practices for the modulation characteristic used by the equipment under test. When measuring emissions in the 150–174 MHz and 421–512 MHz bands the following procedures will apply. A sufficient number of sweeps must be measured to insure that the emission profile is developed. If video filtering is used, its bandwidth must not be less than the instrument resolution bandwidth. For frequencies more than 50 kHz removed from the edge of the authorized bandwidth a resolution of at least 100 kHz must be used for frequencies below 1000 MHz. Above 1000 MHz the resolution bandwidth of the instrumentation must be at least 1 MHz. If it can be shown that use of the above instrumentation settings do not accurately represent the true interference potential of the equipment under test, then an alternate procedure may be used provided prior Commission approval is obtained.
[60 FR 37264, July 19, 1995, as amended at 61 FR 4235, Feb. 5, 1996; 61 FR 6155, Feb. 16, 1996; 61 FR 18986, Apr. 30, 1996; 62 FR 41214, July 31, 1997; 62 FR 52044, Oct. 6, 1997; 64 FR 66409, Nov. 26, 1999; 67 FR 63288, Oct. 11, 2002; 68 FR 38639, June 30, 2003; 69 FR 46443, Aug. 3, 2004; 69 FR 67838, Nov. 22, 2004; 70 FR 28466, May 18, 2005; 70 FR 61061, Oct. 20, 2005] § 90.212 Provisions relating to the use of scrambling devices and digital voice modulation.
(a) Analog scrambling techniques may be employed at any station authorized the use of A3E, F3E, or G3E emission, subject to the provision of paragraph (d) of this section.
(b) The use of digital scrambling techniques or digital voice modulation requires the specific authorization of F1E or G1E emission, and these emissions will only be authorized subject to the provisions of paragraph (d) of this section.
(c) The transmission of any non-voice information or data under the authorization of F1E or G1E emission is prohibited. However, stations authorized the use of F1E or G1E emission may also be authorized F1D, F2D, G1D or G2D emission for non-voice communication purposes, pursuant to paragraph (k) of §90.207.
(d) Station identification shall be transmitted in the unscrambled analog mode (clear voice) or Morse code in accordance with the provisions of §90.425. All digital encoding and digital modulation shall be disabled during station identification.
[43 FR 54791, Nov. 22, 1978, as amended at 47 FR 15340, Apr. 9, 1982; 49 FR 48711, Dec. 14, 1984] § 90.213 Frequency stability.
(a) Unless noted elsewhere, transmitters used in the services governed by this part must have a minimum frequency stability as specified in the following table.
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Minimum Frequency Stability [Parts per million (ppm)]------------------------------------------------------------------------ Mobile stations ------------------- Fixed and Over 2 2 watts Frequency range (MHz) base watts or less stations output output power power------------------------------------------------------------------------Below 25.............................. \1,2,3\ 100 100 20025-50 20 20 5072-76................................. 5 ........ 50150-174............................... \5,11\ 5 \6\ 5 \4,6\ 50216-220............................... 1.0 ........ 1.0220-222 \12\.......................... 0.1 1.5 1.5421-512............................... \7,11,14\ \8\ 5 \8\ 5 2.5806-809............................... \14\ 1.0 1.5 1.5809-824............................... \14\ 1.5 2.5 2.5851-854............................... 1.0 1.5 1.5854-869............................... 1.5 2.5 2.5896-901............................... \14\ 0.1 1.5 1.5902-928............................... 2.5 2.5 2.5902-928 \13\.......................... 2.5 2.5 2.5929-930............................... 1.5 ........ ........935-940............................... 0.1 1.5 1.51427-1435............................. \9\ 300 300 300Above 2450 \10\....................... ............ ........ ........------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Fixed and base stations with over 200 watts transmitter power must have a frequency stability of 50 ppm except for equipment used in the Public Safety Pool where the frequency stability is 100 ppm.\2\ For single sideband operations below 25 MHz, the carrier frequency must be maintained within 50 Hz of the authorized carrier frequency.\3\ Travelers information station transmitters operating from 530-1700 kHz and transmitters exceeding 200 watts peak envelope power used for disaster communications and long distance circuit operations pursuant to §§ 90.242 and 90.264 must maintain the carrier frequency to within 20 Hz of the authorized frequency.\4\ Stations operating in the 154.45 to 154.49 MHz or the 173.2 to 173.4 MHz bands must have a frequency stability of 5 ppm.\5\ In the 150-174 MHz band, fixed and base stations with a 12.5 kHz channel bandwidth must have a frequency stability of 2.5 ppm. Fixed and base stations with a 6.25 kHz channel bandwidth must have a frequency stability of 1.0 ppm.\6\ In the 150-174 MHz band, mobile stations designed to operate with a 12.5 kHz channel bandwidth or designed to operate on a frequency specifically designated for itinerant use or designed for low-power operation of two watts or less, must have a frequency stability of 5.0 ppm. Mobile stations designed to operate with a 6.25 kHz channel bandwidth must have a frequency stability of 2.0 ppm.\7\ In the 421-512 MHz band, fixed and base stations with a 12.5 kHz channel bandwidth must have a frequency stability of 1.5 ppm. Fixed and base stations with a 6.25 kHz channel bandwidth must have a frequency stability of 0.5 ppm.\8\ In the 421-512 MHz band, mobile stations designed to operate with a 12.5 kHz channel bandwidth must have a frequency stability of 2.5 ppm. Mobile stations designed to operate with a 6.25 kHz channel bandwidth must have a frequency stability of 1.0 ppm.\9\ Fixed stations with output powers above 120 watts and necessary bandwidth less than 3 kHz must operate with a frequency stability of 100 ppm. Fixed stations with output powers less than 120 watts and using time-division multiplex, must operate with a frequency stability of 500 ppm.\10\ Except for DSRCS equipment in the 5850-5925 MHz band, frequency stability is to be specified in the station authorization. Frequency stability for DSRCS equipment in the 5850-5925 MHz band is specified in subpart M of this part.\11\ Paging transmitters operating on paging-only frequencies must operate with frequency stability of 5 ppm in the 150-174 MHz band and 2.5 ppm in the 421-512 MHz band.\12\ Mobile units may utilize synchronizing signals from associated base stations to achieve the specified carrier stability.\13\ Fixed non-multilateration transmitters with an authorized bandwidth that is more than 40 kHz from the band edge, intermittently operated hand-held readers, and mobile transponders are not subject to frequency tolerance restrictions.\14\ Control stations may operate with the frequency tolerance specified for associated mobile frequencies.
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(b) For the purpose of determining the frequency stability limits, the power of a transmitter is considered to be the maximum rated output power as specified by the manufacturer.
[60 FR 37266, July 19, 1995, as amended at 61 FR 4235, Feb. 5, 1996; 61 FR 18986, Apr. 30, 1996; 61 FR 38403, July 24, 1996; 62 FR 2040, Jan. 15, 1997; 62 FR 18927, Apr. 17, 1997; 67 FR 41860, June 20, 2002; 69 FR 46443, Aug. 3, 2004; 69 FR 67838, Nov. 22, 2004] § 90.214 Transient frequency behavior.
Transmitters designed to operate in the 150–174 MHz and 421–512 MHz frequency bands must maintain transient frequencies within the maximum frequency difference limits during the time intervals indicated:
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------------------------------------------------------------------------ All equipment Maximum ------------------------- Time intervals \1,2\ frequency 150 to 174 421 to 512 difference \3\ MHz MHz------------------------------------------------------------------------Transient Frequency Behavior for Equipment Designed to Operate on 25 kHz Channels------------------------------------------------------------------------t1 \4\........................ ±25.0 5.0 ms 10.0 ms kHzt2............................ ±12.5 20.0 ms 25.0 ms kHzt3 \4\........................ ±25.0 5.0 ms 10.0 ms kHz------------------------------------------------------------------------ Transient Frequency Behavior for Equipment Designed to Operate on 12.5 kHz Channels------------------------------------------------------------------------t1 \4\........................ ±12.5 5.0 ms 10.0 ms kHzt2............................ ±6.25 20.0 ms 25.0 ms kHzt3 \4\........................ ±12.5 5.0 ms 10.0 ms kHz------------------------------------------------------------------------ Transient Frequency Behavior for Equipment Designed to Operate on 6.25 kHz Channels------------------------------------------------------------------------t1 \4\........................ ±6.25 5.0 ms 10.0 ms kHzt2............................ ±3.125 20.0 ms 25.0 ms kHzt3 \4\........................ ±6.25 5.0 ms 10.0 ms kHz------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\on is the instant when a 1 kHz test signal is completely suppressed, including any capture time due to phasing.t1 is the time period immediately following ton.t2 is the time period immediately following t1.t3 is the time period from the instant when the transmitter is turned off until toff.toff is the instant when the 1 kHz test signal starts to rise.\2\ During the time from the end of t2 to the beginning of t3, the frequency difference must not exceed the limits specified in § 90.213.\3\ Difference between the actual transmitter frequency and the assigned transmitter frequency.\4\ If the transmitter carrier output power rating is 6 watts or less, the frequency difference during this time period may exceed the maximum frequency difference for this time period.
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[62 FR 2040, Jan. 15, 1997] § 90.215 Transmitter measurements.
(a) The licensee of each station shall employ a suitable procedure to determine that the carrier frequency of each transmitter authorized to operate with an output power in excess of two watts is maintained within the tolerence prescribed in §90.213. This determination shall be made, and the results entered in the station records in accordance with the following:
(1) When the transmitter is initially installed;
(2) When any change is made in the transmitter which may affect the carrier frequency or its stability.
(b) The licensee of each station shall employ a suitable procedure to determine that each transmitter authorized to operate with an output power in excess of two watts does not exceed the maximum figure specified on the current station authorization. On authorizations stating only the input power to the final radiofrequency stage, the maximum permissible output power is 75 percent for frequencies below 25 MHz and 60 percent of the input power for frequencies above 25 MHz. If a non-DC final radiofrequency stage is utilized, then the output power shall not exceed 75 percent of the input power. This determination shall be made, and the results thereof entered into the station records, in accordance with the following:
(1) When the transmitter is initially installed;
(2) When any change is made in the transmitter which may increase the transmitter power input.
(c) The licensee of each station shall employ a suitable procedure to determine that the modulation of each transmitter, which is authorized to operate with an output power in excess of two watts, does not exceed the limits specified in this part. This determination shall be made and the following results entered in the station records, in accordance with the following:
(1) When the transmitter is initially installed;
(2) When any change is made in the transmitter which may affect the modulation characteristics.
(d) The determinations required by paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of this section may, at the opinion of the licensee, be made by a qualified engineering measurement service, in which case the required record entries shall show the name and address of the engineering measurement service as well as the name of the person making the measurements.
(e) In the case of mobile transmitters, the determinations required by paragraphs (a) and (c) of this section may be made at a test or service bench: Provided, That the measurements are made under load conditions equivalent to actual operating conditions; and provided further, that after installation in the mobile unit the transmitter is given a routine check to determine that it is capable of being received satisfactorly by an appropriate receiver. § 90.217 Exemption from technical standards.
Except as noted herein, transmitters used at stations licensed below 800 MHz on any frequency listed in subparts B and C of this part or licensed on a business category channel above 800 MHz which have an output power not exceeding 120 milliwatts are exempt from the technical requirements set out in this subpart, but must instead comply with the following:
(a) For equipment designed to operate with a 25 kHz channel bandwidth, the sum of the bandwidth occupied by the emitted signal plus the bandwidth required for frequency stability shall be adjusted so that any emission appearing on a frequency 40 kHz or more removed from the assigned frequency is attenuated at least 30 dB below the unmodulated carrier.
(b) For equipment designed to operate with a 12.5 kHz channel bandwidth, the sum of the bandwidth occupied by the emitted signal plus the bandwidth required for frequency stability shall be adjusted so that any emission appearing on a frequency 25 kHz or more removed from the assigned frequency is attenuated at least 30 dB below the unmodulated carrier.
(c) For equipment designed to operate with a 6.25 kHz channel bandwidth, the sum of the bandwidth occupied by the emitted signal plus the bandwidth required for frequency stability shall be adjusted so that any emission appearing on a frequency 12.5 kHz or more removed from the assigned frequency is attenuated at least 30 dB below the unmodulated carrier.
(d) Transmitters may be operated in the continuous carrier transmit mode.
(e) Transmitters used for wireless microphone operations and operating on frequencies allocated for Federal use must comply with the requirements of §90.265(b).
[60 FR 37267, July 19, 1995, as amended at 62 FR 2041, Jan. 15, 1997; 62 FR 18927, Apr. 17, 1997; 70 FR 21661, Apr. 27, 2005] § 90.219 Use of signal boosters.
Licensees authorized to operate radio systems in the frequency bands above 150 MHz may employ signal boosters at fixed locations in accordance with the following criteria:
(a) The amplified signal is retransmitted only on the exact frequency(ies) of the originating base, fixed, mobile, or portable station(s). The booster will fill in only weak signal areas and cannot extend the system's normal signal coverage area.
(b) Class A narrowband signal boosters must be equipped with automatic gain control circuitry which will limit the total effective radiated power (ERP) of the unit to a maximum of 5 watts under all conditions. Class B broadband signal boosters are limited to 5 watts ERP for each authorized frequency that the booster is designed to amplify.
(c) Class A narrowband boosters must meet the out-of-band emission limits of §90.209 for each narrowband channel that the booster is designed to amplify. Class B broadband signal boosters must meet the emission limits of §90.209 for frequencies outside of the booster's design passband.
(d) Class B broadband signal boosters are permitted to be used only in confined or indoor areas such as buildings, tunnels, underground areas, etc., or in remote areas, i.e., areas where there is little or no risk of interference to other users.
(e) The licensee is given authority to operate signal boosters without separate authorization from the Commission. Certificated equipment must be employed and the licensee must ensure that all applicable rule requirements are met.
(f) Licensees employing either Class A narrowband or Class B broadband signal boosters as defined in §90.7 are responsible for correcting any harmful interference that the equipment may cause to other systems. Normal co-channel transmissions will not be considered as harmful interference. Licensees will be required to resolve interference problems pursuant to §90.173(b).
[61 FR 31052, June 19, 1996, as amended at 63 FR 36610, July 7, 1998]
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