Title 49: Transportation
PART 176—CARRIAGE BY VESSEL
Subpart D—General Segregation Requirements
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§ 176.83 Segregation.
(a) General. (1) The requirements of this section apply to all cargo spaces on deck or under deck of all types of vessels, and to all cargo transport units.
(2) Segregation is obtained by maintaining certain distances between incompatible hazardous materials or by requiring the presence of one or more steel bulkheads or decks between them or a combination thereof. Intervening spaces between such hazardous materials may be filled with other cargo which is not incompatible with the hazardous materials.
(3) The general requirements for segregation between the various classes of dangerous goods are shown in the segregation table. In addition to these general requirements, there may be a need to segregate a particular material from other materials which would contribute to its hazard. Such segregation requirements are indicated by code numbers in Column 10B of the §172.101 Table.
(4) Segregation is not required between hazardous materials of different classes which comprise the same substance but vary only in their water content (e.g., sodium sulphide in Division 4.2 or Class 8).
(5) Whenever hazardous materials are stowed together, whether or not in a cargo transport unit, the segregation of such hazardous materials from others must always be in accordance with the most restrictive requirements for any of the hazardous materials concerned.
(6) When the §172.101 Table or §172.402 requires packages to bear a subsidiary hazard label or labels, the segregation appropriate to the subsidiary hazards must be applied when that segregation is more restrictive than that required by the primary hazard. For the purposes of this paragraph, the segregation requirements corresponding to an explosive subsidiary hazard are—except for organic peroxides which are those corresponding to Division 1.3—those for Division 1.4 (explosive) materials.
(7) Where, for the purposes of segregation, terms such as “away from” a particular hazard class are used in the §172.101 Table, the segregation requirement applies to:
(i) All hazardous materials within the hazard class; and
(ii) All hazardous materials for which a secondary hazard label of that class is required.
(8) Notwithstanding the requirements of paragraphs (a)(6) and (a)(7) of this section, hazardous materials of the same class may be stowed together without regard to segregation required by secondary hazards (subsidiary risk label(s)), provided the substances do not react dangerously with each other and cause:
(i) Combustion and/or evolution of considerable heat;
(ii) Evolution of flammable, toxic or asphyxiant gases;
(iii) The formation of corrosive substances; or
(iv) The formation of unstable substances.
(9) Stowage in a shelter-'tween deck cargo space is not considered to be “on deck” stowage.
(10) Where the code in column (10B) of the §172.101 Table specifies that “Segregation as for. . .” applies, the segregation requirements applicable to that class in the §176.83(b) General Segregation Table must be applied. However, for the purposes of paragraph (a)(8) of this section, which permits substances of the same class to be stowed together provided they do not react dangerously with each other, the segregation requirements of the class as represented by the primary hazard class in the §172.101 Table entry must be applied.
(11) Certain exceptions from segregation for waste cyanides or waste cyanide mixtures or solutions transported with acids and waste Division 4.2 materials transported with Class 8 liquids are set forth in §173.12(e) of this subchapter.
(b) General Segregation Table. The following table sets forth the general requirements for segregation between the various classes of hazardous materials. The properties of materials within each class may vary greatly and may require greater segregation than is reflected in this table. If the §172.101 Table sets forth particular requirements for segregation, they take precedence over these general requirements.
Table 176.83(b)_General Segregation Requirements for Hazardous Materials [Segregation must also take account of a single secondary hazard label, as required by paragraph (a)(6) of this section.]-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1.1 Class 1.2 1.3 1.4 2.1 2.2 2.3 3 4.1 4.2 4.3 5.1 5.2 6.1 6.2 7 8 9 1.5 1.6--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Explosives, 1.1, 1.2, 1.5.......................................... (*) (*) (*) 4 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 4 2 4 XExplosives, 1.3.................................................... (*) (*) (*) 4 2 2 4 3 3 4 4 4 2 4 2 2 XExplosives, 1.4, 1.6............................................... (*) (*) (*) 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 X 4 2 2 XFlammable gases 2.1................................................ 4 4 2 X X X 2 1 2 X 2 2 X 4 2 1 XNon-toxic, non-flammable gases 2.2................................. 2 2 1 X X X 1 X 1 X X 1 X 2 1 X XPoisonous gases 2.3................................................ 2 2 1 X X X 2 X 2 X X 2 X 2 1 X XFlammable liquids 3................................................ 4 4 2 2 1 2 X X 2 1 2 2 X 3 2 X XFlammable solids 4.1............................................... 4 3 2 1 X X X X 1 X 1 2 X 3 2 1 XSpontaneously combustible substances 4.2........................... 4 3 2 2 1 2 2 1 X 1 2 2 1 3 2 1 XSubstances which are dangerous when wet 4.3........................ 4 4 2 X X X 1 X 1 X 2 2 X 2 2 1 XOxidizing substances 5.1........................................... 4 4 2 2 X X 2 1 2 2 X 2 1 3 1 2 XOrganic peroxides 5.2.............................................. 4 4 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 X 1 3 2 2 XPoisons 6.1........................................................ 2 2 X X X X X X 1 X 1 1 X 1 X X XInfectious substances 6.2.......................................... 4 4 4 4 2 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 1 X 3 3 XRadioactive materials 7............................................ 2 2 2 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 X 3 X 2 XCorrosives 8....................................................... 4 2 2 1 X X X 1 1 1 2 2 X 3 2 X XMiscellaneous dangerous substances 9............................... X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Numbers and symbols relate to the following terms as defined in this section: 1_``Away from.'' 2_``Separated from.'' 3_``Separated by a complete compartment or hold from.'' 4_``Separated longitudinally by an intervening complete compartment or hold from.'' X_The segregation, if any, is shown in the § 172.101 table. *_See § 176.144 of this part for segregation within Class 1.
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(c) Segregation requirements for breakbulk cargo. (1) The requirements of this paragraph apply to the segregation of packages containing hazardous materials and stowed as breakbulk cargo;
(2) Definition of the segregation terms:
(i) Legend:
(A) Package containing incompatible goods.
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(B) Reference package.
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(C) Deck resistant to fire and liquid.
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Note: Full vertical lines represent transverse bulkheads between compartments or holds resistant to fire and liquid.
(ii) “Away from”: Effectively segregated so that the incompatible materials cannot interact dangerously in the event of an accident but may be carried in the same compartment or hold or on deck provided a minimum horizontal separation of 3 m (10 feet) projected vertically is obtained.
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(iii) “Separated From”: In different compartments or holds when stowed under deck. If the intervening deck is resistant to fire and liquid, a vertical separation (i.e., in different compartments) is acceptable as equivalent to this segregation. For “on deck” stowage, this segregation means a separation by a distance of at least 6 m (20 feet) horizontally.
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(iv) “Separated by a complete compartment or hold from”: Either a vertical or horizontal separation. If the intervening decks are not resistant to fire and liquid, then only a longitudinal separation (i.e., by an intervening complete compartment or hold) is acceptable. For “on deck” stowage, this segregation means a separation by a distance of at least 12 m (39 feet) horizontally. The same distance must be applied if one package is stowed “on deck”, and the other one in an upper compartment.
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Note: One of the two decks must be resistant to fire and liquid.
(v) “Separated longitudinally by an intervening complete compartment or hold from”: Vertical separation alone does not meet this requirement. Between a package “under deck” and one “on deck” a minimum distance of 24 m (79 feet) including a complete compartment must be maintained longitudinally. For “on deck” stowage, this segregation means a separation by a distance of at least 24 m (79 feet) longitudinally.
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(d) Segregation in cargo transport units: Two hazardous materials for which any segregation is required may not be stowed in the same cargo transport unit.
(e) Segregation of hazardous materials stowed as breakbulk cargo from those packed in cargo transport units: (1) Hazardous materials stowed as breakbulk cargo must be segregated from materials packed in open cargo transport units in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section.
(2) Hazardous materials stowed as breakbulk cargo must be segregated from materials packed in closed cargo transport units in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section, except that:
(i) Where “away from” is required, no segregation between packages and the closed cargo transport units is required; and
(ii) Where “separated from” is required, the segregation between the packages and the closed cargo transport units may be the same as for “away from”.
(f) Segregation of cargo transport units on board container vessels: (1) Except for hatchless container ships, this paragraph applies to segregation of cargo transport units that are carried on board container vessels, or on other types of vessels, provided these cargo spaces are properly fitted for permanent stowage of containers during transport.
(2) For container vessels which have cargo spaces used for breakbulk cargo or any other method of stowage, the appropriate paragraph of this section applies to the relevant cargo space.
(3) Segregation Table. Table §176.83(f) sets forth the general requirements for segregation between cargo transport units on board container vessels.
(4) In table §176.83(f), a container space means a distance of not less than 6 m (20 feet) fore and aft or not less than 2.5 m (8 feet) athwartship.
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Table 176.83(f)_Segregation of Containers on Board Container Ships---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Vertical Horizontal ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Segregation requirement Closed versus closed Closed versus open Open versus open Closed versus Closed versus open Open versus open ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- closed On deck Under deck On deck Under deck On deck Under deck----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. ``Away from''................ One on top of the Open on top of Not in the same Fore and aft...... No restriction.... No restriction.... No restriction.... No restriction.... One container One container other permitted. closed permitted. vertical line .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. space. space or one .................. unless segregated .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. bulkhead. .................. by a deck. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. One container One container Otherwise as for Athwartships...... No restriction.... No restriction.... No restriction.... No restriction.... space. space. open versus open. .................. .................. ..................2. ``Separated from''........... Not in the same As for open versus Not in the same Fore and aft...... One container One container One container One container One container One bulkhead. vertical line open. vertical line .................. space. space or one space. space or one space.. .................. unless segregated unless segregated .................. .................. bulkhead. .................. bulkhead. .................. .................. by a deck. by a deck. .................. One container One container One container Two container Two container One bulkhead. Athwartships...... space. space. space. spaces. spaces..3. ``Separated by a complete Not in the same As for open versus Not in the same Fore and aft...... One container One bulkhead...... One container One bulkhead...... Two container Two bulkheads. compartment or hold from''. vertical line open. vertical line .................. space. .................. space. .................. spaces. .................. unless segregated unless segregated .................. Two container .................. Two container .................. Three container Two bulkheads. by a deck. by a deck. Athwartships...... spaces. One bulkhead...... spaces. One bulkhead...... spaces. ..................4. ``Separated longitudinally by Prohibited........ .................. .................. Fore and aft...... Four container One bulkhead and Four container Two bulkheads..... Four container Two bulkheads. an intervening complete .................. spaces. four container spaces. .................. spaces. .................. compartment or hold from''. .................. .................. spaces*. .................. .................. .................. .................. .................. Prohibited........ Prohibited........ Prohibited........ Prohibited........ Prohibited........ Prohibited. Athwartships......----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------* Containers not less than 6 m (20 feet) from intervening bulkhead.Note: All bulkheads and decks must be resistant to fire and liquid.
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(g) Segregation of cargo transport units on board trailerships and trainships: (1) The requirements of this paragraph apply to the segregation of cargo transport units which are carried on board trailerships and trainships or in “roll-on/roll-off” cargo spaces.
(2) For trailerships and trainships which have spaces suitable for breakbulk cargo, containers, or any other method of stowage, the appropriate paragraph of this section applies to the relevant cargo space.
(3) Segregation Table. Table §176.83(g) sets forth the general requirements for segregation between transport units on board trailerships and trainships.
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Table 176.83(g)_Segregation of Cargo Transport Units on Board Trailerships and Trainships.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Segregation requirement Closed versus closed Closed versus open Open versus open -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- On deck Under deck On deck Under deck On deck Under deck--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1. ``Away From''............. Fore and aft.... No restriction.. No restriction.. No restriction.. No restriction. At least 3 m... At least 3 m. Athwartships.... No restriction.. No restriction.. No restriction.. No restriction. At least 3 m... At least 3 m.2. ``Separated from''........ Fore and aft.... At least 6 m.... At least 6 m or At least 6 m.... At least 6 m or At least 6 m... At least 12 m ................ ................ one bulkhead. ................ one bulkhead. At least 6 m... or one ................ At least 3 m.... At least 3 m or At least 3 m.... At least 6 m or bulkhead Athwartships.... one bulkhead. one bulkhead. At least 12 m or one bulkhead3. ``Separated by a complete Fore and aft.... At least 12 m... At least 24 m + At least 24 m... At least 24 m + At least 36 m.. Two decks or compartment or hold from''. ................ ................ deck. ................ deck. ............... two bulkheads. ................ At least 12 m... ................ At least 24 m... ............... At least 36 m.. ............... Athwartships.... At least 24 m + At least 24 m + Prohibited. deck. deck.4. ``Separated longitudinally Fore and aft.... At least 36 m... Two bulkheads or At least 36 m... At least 48 m At least 48 m.. Prohibited. by an intervening complete ................ ................ at least 36 m + ................ including two ............... ............... compartment or hold from''. ................ ................ two decks. ................ bulkheads. ............... ............... ................ Prohibited...... Prohibited...... Prohibited...... Prohibited..... Prohibited..... ............... Athwartships.... Prohibited.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Note: All bulkheads and decks must be resistant to fire and liquid.
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(h) Segregation on board barge carrying vessels: (1) The requirements of this section apply to the segregation in shipborne barges as well as to the segregation between shipborne barges carried on board vessels specially designed and equipped to carry such barges.
(2) On barge-carrying vessels which incorporate other stowage spaces or any other method of stowage, barges containing hazardous materials must be segregated from hazardous materials not stowed in barges as prescribed in paragraphs (b) and (j) of this section.
(i) Segregation in shipborne barges: Hazardous materials transported in shipborne barges must be segregated as prescribed in paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) of this section.
(j) Segregation between shipborne barges on barge-carrying vessels: (1) When a shipborne barge is loaded with two or more hazardous materials with different requirements for segregation, the most stringent applicable segregation requirement must be applied.
(2) “Away from” and “separated from” require no segregation between shipborne barges.
(3) For barge-carrying vessels with vertical holds, “Separated by a complete compartment or hold from” means that separate holds are required. On barge-carrying vessels having horizontal barge levels, separate barge levels are required and the barges may not be in the same vertical line.
(4) “Separated longitudinally by an intervening complete compartment or hold from” means, for barge-carrying vessels with vertical holds, that separation by an intervening hold or engine room is required. On barge-carrying vessels having horizontal barge levels, separate barge levels and a longitudinal separation by at least two intervening barge spaces are required.
(k) Segregation requirements for ferry vessels: A ferry vessel (when operating either as a passenger or cargo vessel) that cannot provide the separation required in this section may carry incompatible hazardous materials in separate transport vehicles if they are stowed to give the maximum possible separation.
(l) Segregation of containers on board hatchless (open-top) container ships: (1) This paragraph applies to the segregation of cargo transport units that are transported on board hatchless container ships provided that the cargo spaces are properly fitted to give permanent stowage of the cargo transport units during transport.
(2) For container ships that have both hatchless container spaces and other spaces suitable for breakbulk cargo, conventional container stowage, or any other method of stowage, the appropriate requirements of this section apply to the relevant cargo space.
(3) Segregation Table. Table §176.83(l)(3) sets forth the general requirements for segregation of cargo transport units on board hatchless container ships.
(4) In Table §176.83(l)(3), a container space means a distance of not less than 6 m (20 feet) fore and aft or not less than 2.5 m (8 feet) athwartship.
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TABLE 176.83(l)(3)_Segregation of Cargo Transport Units on Board Hatchless Container Ships------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ VERTICAL HORIZONTAL------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Closed Closed versus closed Closed versus open Open versus open Segregation requirement versus Closed Open versus -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- closed versus open open On deck Under deck On deck Under deck On deck Under deck------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------``Away from''................ One on top Open on top ............... Fore and No restriction.. No restriction.. No restriction.. No restriction.. One container One container1............................ of the of closed AFT. space. space or one other permitted. bulkhead permitted. ............ Otherwise as ............... Athwart- No restriction.. No restriction.. No restriction.. No restriction.. One container One container for ``Open ships. space. space versus open''.``Separated from''........... ............ ............ Not in the same Fore and One container One container One container one container One container One bulkhead2............................ vertical line. AFT. space. space or one space. space or one space and bulkhead. bulkhead. not in or above same hold. Not in the As for ............... Athwart- One container One container Two container Two container Two container One bulkhead same ``open ships. space. space. spaces. spaces. spaces and vertical versus not in or line. open''. above same hold.``Separated by a complete ............ ............ ............... Fore and One container One bulkhead.... One container One bulkhead.... Two container Two bulkheads compartment or hold from''. AFT. space and not space and not spaces and3............................ in or above in or above not in or same hold. same hold. above same hold. ............ ............ ............... Athwart- Two container One bulkhead.... Two container One bulkhead.... Three Two bulkheads ships. spaces and not spaces and not container in or above in or above spaces and same hold. same hold. not in or above same hold.``Separated longitudinally by Prohibited.. Fore and AFT Minimum One Minimum Two bulkheads... Minimum Two bulkheads... an intervening complete horizontal bulkhead horizontal horizontal compartment or hold from''. distance of 24 and distance of 24 distance of 244............................ m and not in minimum m and not in or m and not in or or above same horizontal above same hold. above same hold. hold. distance of 24 M*. ............ Athwart- Prohibited..... Prohibited. Prohibited...... Prohibited...... Prohibited...... Prohibited ..... ships.------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*Containers not less than 6 m (20 feet) from intervening bulkhead.Note: All bulkheads and decks must be resistant to fire and liquid.
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(m) Provisions for segregation groups: (1) For the purpose of segregation, materials having certain similar chemical properties have been grouped together in segregation groups. The segregation groups ( such as “acids”, “chlorates”, “permanganates”) and the entries allocated to each of these groups include the substances identified in section 3.1.4 of the IMDG Code. When column (10B) of the §172.101 Table refers to a numbered stowage provision set forth in §176.84(b) such as “Stow ‘away from’ acids”, that particular stowage/segregation requirement applies to all the materials allocated to the respective segregation group.
(2) Not all hazardous materials falling within a segregation group are listed by name in the regulations. These materials are shipped under “n.o.s.” entries. Although these “n.o.s.” entries are not listed themselves in the above groups, the shipper must decide whether allocation under a segregation group is appropriate. Mixtures, solutions or preparations containing hazardous materials falling within a segregation group and shipped under an “n.o.s.” entry are also considered to fall within that segregation group.
(3) The segregation groups described above do not address materials which fall outside the classification criteria of the hazardous materials regulations although it is recognized that some non-hazardous materials have certain chemical properties similar to hazardous materials listed in the segregation groups. A shipper or the person responsible for packing the materials into a cargo transport unit who does have knowledge of the chemical properties of such non-hazardous materials may identify a relevant segregation group and apply the segregation requirements for that segregation group.
[Amdt. 176–30, 55 FR 52690, Dec. 21, 1990, as amended at 56 FR 66282, Dec. 20, 1991; 57 FR 45465, Oct. 1, 1992; Amdt. 176–34, 58 FR 51533, Oct. 1, 1993; Amdt. 176–38, 60 FR 49111, Sept. 21, 1995; 64 FR 10781, 10782, Mar. 5, 1999; 66 FR 45184, 45384, Aug. 28, 2001; 68 FR 45039, July 31, 2003; 69 FR 76180, Dec. 20, 2004; 70 FR 3310, Jan. 24, 2005; 70 FR 34399, June 14, 2005]
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