§ 20. — Financial institution defined.
[Laws in effect as of January 24, 2002]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
January 24, 2002 and December 19, 2002]
[CITE: 18USC20]
TITLE 18--CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
PART I--CRIMES
CHAPTER 1--GENERAL PROVISIONS
Sec. 20. Financial institution defined
As used in this title, the term ``financial institution'' means--
(1) an insured depository institution (as defined in section
3(c)(2) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act);
(2) a credit union with accounts insured by the National Credit
Union Share Insurance Fund;
(3) a Federal home loan bank or a member, as defined in section
2 of the Federal Home Loan Bank Act (12 U.S.C. 1422), of the Federal
home loan bank system;
(4) a System institution of the Farm Credit System, as defined
in section 5.35(3) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971;
(5) a small business investment company, as defined in section
103 of the Small Business Investment Act of 1958 (15 U.S.C. 662);
(6) a depository institution holding company (as defined in
section 3(w)(1) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act;
(7) a Federal Reserve bank or a member bank of the Federal
Reserve System;
(8) an organization operating under section 25 or section 25(a)
\1\ of the Federal Reserve Act; or
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\1\ See References in Text note below.
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(9) a branch or agency of a foreign bank (as such terms are
defined in paragraphs (1) and (3) of section 1(b) of the
International Banking Act of 1978).
(Added Pub. L. 98-473, title II, Sec. 1107(a), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat.
2145, Sec. 215(b); amended Pub. L. 99-370, Sec. 2, Aug. 4, 1986, 100
Stat. 779; renumbered Sec. 20 and amended Pub. L. 101-73, title IX,
Sec. 962(e)(1), (2), Aug. 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 503; Pub. L. 101-647, title
XXV, Sec. 2597(a), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4908.)
References in Text
Section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, referred to in pars.
(1) and (6), is classified to section 1813 of Title 12, Banks and
Banking.
Section 5.35(3) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971, referred to in par.
(4), is classified to section 2271(3) of Title 12.
Section 25 of the Federal Reserve Act, referred to in par. (8), is
classified to subchapter I (Sec. 601 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12.
Section 25(a) of the Federal Reserve Act, which is classified to
subchapter II (Sec. 611 et seq.) of chapter 6 of Title 12, was
renumbered section 25A of that act by Pub. L. 102-242, title I,
Sec. 142(e)(2), Dec. 19, 1991, 105 Stat. 2281.
Section 1(b) of the International Banking Act of 1978, referred to
in par. (9), is classified to section 3101 of Title 12.
Prior Provisions
A prior section 20 was renumbered section 17 of this title.
Amendments
1990--Pars. (7) to (9). Pub. L. 101-647 added pars. (7) to (9).
1989--Pub. L. 101-73, Sec. 962(e)(1), (2)(A)-(C), redesignated
subsec. (b) of section 215 of this title as this section, inserted
section catchline, struck out subsec. (b) designation before ``As
used'', and substituted ``used in this title'' for ``used in this
section''.
Par. (1). Pub. L. 101-73, Sec. 962(e)(2)(D), amended par. (1)
generally. Prior to amendment, par. (1) read as follows: ``a bank with
deposits insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation;''.
Par. (2). Pub. L. 101-73, Sec. 962(e)(2)(E), (H), redesignated par.
(3) as (2) and struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: ``an
institution with accounts insured by the Federal Savings and Loan
Insurance Corporation;''.
Par. (3). Pub. L. 101-73, Sec. 962(e)(2)(H), redesignated par. (4)
as (3). Former par. (3) redesignated (2).
Par. (4). Pub. L. 101-73, Sec. 962(e)(2)(F), (H), redesignated par.
(5) as (4) and amended it generally. Prior to amendment, par. (4) read
as follows: ``a Federal land bank, Federal intermediate credit bank,
bank for cooperatives, production credit association, and Federal land
bank association;''. Former par. (4) redesignated (3).
Par. (5). Pub. L. 101-73, Sec. 962(e)(2)(H), redesignated par. (6)
as (5). Former par. (5) redesignated (4).
Pars. (6), (7). Pub. L. 101-73, Sec. 962(e)(2)(G), (H), redesignated
par. (7) as (6) and amended it generally. Prior to amendment, par. (6)
read as follows: ``a bank holding company as defined in section 2 of the
Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (12 U.S.C. 1841); or''. Former par. (6)
redesignated (5).
Par. (8). Pub. L. 101-73, Sec. 962(e)(2)(E), struck out par. (8)
which read as follows: ``a savings and loan holding company as defined
in section 408 of the National Housing Act (12 U.S.C. 1730a).''
1986--Pub. L. 99-370 amended subsec. (b) [formerly Sec. 215(b)]
generally expanding provisions formerly contained in subsec. (c) [former
Sec. 215(c)] defining ``financial institution''.
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in sections 656, 984, 1005 of this
title; title 12 sections 1785, 1829.
