§ 478. — Foreign obligations or securities.
[Laws in effect as of January 24, 2002]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
January 24, 2002 and December 19, 2002]
[CITE: 18USC478]
TITLE 18--CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
PART I--CRIMES
CHAPTER 25--COUNTERFEITING AND FORGERY
Sec. 478. Foreign obligations or securities
Whoever, within the United States, with intent to defraud, falsely
makes, alters, forges, or counterfeits any bond, certificate,
obligation, or other security of any foreign government, purporting to
be or in imitation of any such security issued under the authority of
such foreign government, or any treasury note, bill, or promise to pay,
lawfully issued by such foreign government and intended to circulate as
money, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20
years, or both.
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 707; Pub. L. 103-322, title XXXIII,
Sec. 330016(1)(K), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147; Pub. L. 107-56, title
III, Sec. 375(a), Oct. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 341.)
Historical and Revision Notes
Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Sec. 270 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch.
321, Sec. 156, 35 Stat. 1117).
Reference to persons causing, procuring, aiding or assisting was
omitted as unnecessary as such persons are made principals by section 2
of this title.
Mandatory punishment provision was rephrased in the alternative.
Changes were also made in phraseology.
Amendments
2001--Pub. L. 107-56 substituted ``20 years'' for ``five years''.
1994--Pub. L. 103-322 substituted ``fined under this title'' for
``fined not more than $5,000''.
Termination Date of 2001 Amendment
Amendments by title III of Pub. L. 107-56 to terminate effective on
and after the first day of fiscal year 2005 if Congress enacts a joint
resolution that such amendments no longer have the force of law, see
section 303 of Pub. L. 107-56, set out as a Four-Year Congressional
Review; Expedited Consideration note under section 5311 of Title 31,
Money and Finance.
Section Referred to in Other Sections
This section is referred to in sections 479, 981, 982 of this title.