§ 91. — Literary and scientific collections accessible to investigators and students.
[Laws in effect as of January 24, 2002]
[Document not affected by Public Laws enacted between
January 24, 2002 and December 19, 2002]
[CITE: 20USC91]
TITLE 20--EDUCATION
CHAPTER 5--GOVERNMENT COLLECTIONS AND INSTITUTIONS FOR RESEARCH, AND
MATERIAL FOR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
Sec. 91. Literary and scientific collections accessible to
investigators and students
The facilities for study research and illustration in the Government
departments and in the following and any other governmental collections
now existing or hereafter to be established in the city of Washington
for the promotion of knowledge shall be accessible, under such rules and
restrictions as the officers in charge of each department or collection
may prescribe, subject to such authority as is now or may hereafter be
permitted by law, to the scientific investigators and to duly qualified
individuals, students and graduates of any institution of learning in
the several States and Territories and the District of Columbia, to wit:
One. Of the Library of Congress.
Two. Of the National Museum.
Three. Of the United States Patent and Trademark Office.
Four. Of the Department of Education.
Five. Of the Bureau of Ethnology.
Six. Of the Army Medical Museum.
Seven. Of the Department of Agriculture.
Eight. Of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.
Nine. Of the Botanic Gardens.
Ten. Of the National Ocean Survey.
Eleven. Of the United States Geological Survey.
Twelve. Of the Naval Observatory.
Thirteen. Of the Zoological Park.
Fourteen. Of the Government Printing Office.
(Apr. 12, 1892, No. 8, 27 Stat. 395; Mar. 3, 1901, ch. 831, Sec. 1, 31
Stat. 1039; May 14, 1928, ch. 551, Sec. 1, 45 Stat. 531; 1939 Reorg.
Plan No. II, Sec. 4(e), eff. July 1, 1939, 4 F.R. 2731, 53 Stat. 1433;
1940 Reorg. Plan No. III, Sec. 3, eff. June 30, 1940, 5 F.R. 2108, 54
Stat. 1232; Aug. 8, 1956, ch. 1036, Sec. 3, 70 Stat. 1120; 1965 Reorg.
Plan No. 2, eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318; 1970 Reorg.
Plan No. 4, eff. Oct. 3, 1970, 35 F.R. 15627, 84 Stat. 2090; Pub. L. 96-
88, title III, Sec. 301(b)(2), title V, Sec. 507, Oct. 17, 1979, 93
Stat. 678, 692; Pub. L. 102-154, title I, Nov. 13, 1991, 105 Stat. 1000;
Pub. L. 106-113, div. B, Sec. 1000(a)(9) [title IV, Sec. 4732(b)(10)],
Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A-584.)
Codification
Section is from a resolution adopted Apr. 12, 1892, the Deficiencies
Appropriation Act of Mar. 3, 1901, and the Legislative Appropriations
Act of May 14, 1928, providing that facilities for study and research be
afforded to investigators, students, etc., in the several States and
Territories as well as in the District of Columbia.
Amendments
1999--Pub. L. 106-113 substituted ``United States Patent and
Trademark Office'' for ``Patent Office'' in par. Three.
Change of Name
``United States Geological Survey'' substituted for ``Geological
Survey'' in par. Eleven pursuant to provision of title I of Pub. L. 102-
154, set out as a note under section 31 of Title 43, Public Lands.
Coast and Geodetic Survey consolidated with National Weather Bureau
in 1965 to form Environmental Science Services Administration by Reorg.
Plan No. 2 of 1965, eff. July 13, 1965, 30 F.R. 8819, 79 Stat. 1318.
Environmental Science Services Administration abolished in 1970 and its
personnel, property, records, etc., transferred to National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration by Reorg. Plan No. 4 of 1970, eff. Oct. 3,
1970, 35 F.R. 15627, 84 Stat. 2090. By order of Acting Associate
Administrator of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 35
F.R. 19249, Dec. 19, 1970, Coast and Geodetic Survey redesignated
National Ocean Survey. See notes set out under section 311 of Title 15,
Commerce and Trade.
Effective Date of 1999 Amendment
Amendment by Pub. L. 106-113 effective 4 months after Nov. 29, 1999,
see section 1000(a)(9) [title IV, Sec. 4731] of Pub. L. 106-113, set out
as a note under section 1 of Title 35, Patents.
Transfer of Functions
Functions of all other officers of Department of Commerce and
functions of all agencies and employees of such Department, with a few
exceptions, transferred to Secretary of Commerce, with power vested in
him to authorize their performance or performance of any of his
functions by any of such officers, agencies, and employees, by Reorg.
Plan No. 5 of 1950, Secs. 1, 2, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F.R. 3174, 64
Stat. 1263, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government Organization
and Employees. United States Patents and Trademark Office, and National
Ocean Survey, referred to in this section, are agencies within
Department of Commerce.
Functions of all other officers of Department of the Interior and
functions of all agencies and employees of such Department, with two
exceptions, transferred to Secretary of the Interior, with power vested
in him to authorize their performance or performance of any of his
functions by any of such officers, agencies, and employees, by Reorg.
Plan No. 3 of 1950, Secs. 1, 2, eff. May 24, 1950, 15 F.R. 3174, 64
Stat. 1262, set out in the Appendix to Title 5.
Fish and Wildlife Service, created by Reorg. Plan No. III of 1940,
eff. June 30, 1940, 5 F.R. 2107, 54 Stat. 1231, succeeded by United
States Fish and Wildlife Service established by act Aug. 8, 1956, ch.
1036, Sec. 3, 70 Stat. 1120, which is classified to section 742b of
Title 16, Conservation.
Bureau of Fisheries consolidated with Bureau of Biological Survey
into Fish and Wildlife Service in Department of the Interior by Reorg.
Plan No. III of 1940, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government
Organization and Employees. The Bureau had been previously transferred
to Department of the Interior by Reorg. Plan No. II of 1939, Sec. 4(e),
also set out in the Appendix to Title 5.
For transfer of certain personal property and functions, insofar as
they pertain to the Air Force, from Secretary of the Army and Department
of the Army, to Secretary of the Air Force and Department of the Air
Force, see Secretary of Defense Transfer Order Nos. 6, eff. Jan. 15,
1948; 39, May 18, 1949; 40 [App. B(69)], July 22, 1949.
``Department of Education'' substituted in text for ``Office of
Education'' pursuant to sections 301(b)(2) and 507 of Pub. L. 96-88,
which are classified to sections 3441(b)(2) and 3507 of this title and
which transferred Office of Education to Department of Education.
Functions of Federal Security Administrator transferred to Secretary
of Health, Education, and Welfare and all agencies of Federal Security
Agency transferred to Department of Health, Education, and Welfare by
section 5 of Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1953, eff. Apr. 11, 1953, 18 F.R.
2053, 67 Stat. 631, set out in the Appendix to Title 5, Government
Organization and Employees. Federal Security Agency and office of
Administrator abolished by section 8 of Reorg. Plan No. 1 of 1953.
Office of Education transferred to Federal Security Agency by Reorg.
Plan No. I of 1939, Secs. 201, 204, eff. July 1, 1939, 4 F.R. 2728, 53
Stat. 1424, set out in the Appendix to Title 5.
Office of Education created and placed in Department of the Interior
by act of July 20, 1868, ch. 176, 15 Stat. 106, which abolished
Department of Education. In appropriation act of July 12, 1870, ch. 251,
16 Stat. 242, the Office was designated Bureau of Education. This
designation was retained until the act of May 14, 1930, ch. 273, 46
Stat. 281, 319, which made appropriations for ``Office of Education''.
National Museum
National Museum was not created by any express statutory provision
for that purpose. It was first mentioned in an appropriation for postage
for ``the National Museum in the Smithsonian Institution,'' contained in
act June 20, 1874, ch. 328, Sec. 1, 18 Stat. 103. An appropriation for a
building for the use of the National Museum was made by act Mar. 3,
1879, ch. 182, Sec. 1, 20 Stat. 397, and annual appropriations have
continuously been made for expenses of heating, etc., such building.
