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Philippine Supreme Court Jurisprudence > Year 2017 > June 2017 Decisions > G.R. No. 228435, June 21, 2017 - KT CONSTRUCTION SUPPLY, INC., REPRESENTED BY WILLIAM GO, Petitioner, v. PHILIPPINE SAVINGS BANK, Respondent.:




G.R. No. 228435, June 21, 2017 - KT CONSTRUCTION SUPPLY, INC., REPRESENTED BY WILLIAM GO, Petitioner, v. PHILIPPINE SAVINGS BANK, Respondent.

PHILIPPINE SUPREME COURT DECISIONS

SECOND DIVISION

G.R. No. 228435, June 21, 2017

KT CONSTRUCTION SUPPLY, INC., REPRESENTED BY WILLIAM GO, Petitioner, v. PHILIPPINE SAVINGS BANK, Respondent.

D E C I S I O N

MENDOZA, J.:

This petition for review on certiorari seeks to reverse and set aside the April 22, 2016 Decision1 and November 23, 2016 Resolution2 of the Court of Appeals (CA) in CA-G.R. CV No. 103037, which affirmed with modification the June 11, 2014 Decision3 of the Regional Trial Court, Branch 133, Makati City (RTC).

On October 12, 2006, petitioner KT Construction Supply, Inc. (KT Construction) obtained a loan from respondent Philippine Savings Bank (PSBank) in the amount of P2.5 million. The said loan was evidenced by a Promissory Note4 executed on the same date. The said note was signed by William K. Go (Go) and Nancy Go-Tan (Go-Tan) as Vice-President/General Manager and Secretary/Treasurer of KT Construction, respectively. In addition, both Go and Go-Tan signed the note in their personal capacities.

The promissory note stipulated that the loan was payable within a period of sixty (60) months from November 12, 2006 to October 12, 2011. In addition, the said note provided for the payment of attorney's fees in case of litigation.

On January 3, 2011, PSBank sent a demand letter to KT Construction asking the latter to pay its outstanding obligation in the amount of P725,438.81, excluding interest, penalties, legal fees, and other charges. For its failure to pay despite demand, PSBank filed a complaint for sum of money against KT Construction.

The RTC Ruling

In its June 11, 2014 Decision, the RTC ruled in favor of PSBank. It opined that the promissory note expressly declared that the entire obligation shall immediately become due and payable upon default in payment of any installment. The trial court, nevertheless, reduced the interest rate and stipulated interest fees for being unconscionable. Thus, it declared KT Construction, Go and Go-Tan solidary liable and it ordered them to pay PSBank the loan in the amount of P725,438.81 subject to twelve percent (12%) interest per annum and P50,000.00 as attorney's fees. The fallo reads:

WHEREFORE, judgment is hereby rendered in favor of the plaintiff Philippine Savings Bank and against the defendant KT Construction Supply, Inc., represented by William Go and Nancy Go Tan, ordering the defendant to pay the plaintiff, jointly and severally, the following:

1)
The amount of Seven Hundred Twenty Five Thousand Four Hundred Thirty Eight Pesos and 81/100 (Php725,438.81) plus twelve percent (12%) interest per annum from January 13, 2011 until fully paid.
2)
Php50,000.00 as and for attorney's fees.

SO ORDERED.5
Aggrieved, KT Construction appealed before the CA.

The CA Ruling

In its April 22, 2016 Decision, the CA affirmed the RTC decision. It explained that due to the acceleration clause, the loan became due and demandable upon KT Construction's failure to pay an installment. In addition, the CA disagreed that the promissory note was a contract of adhesion because KT Construction was not in any way compelled to accept the terms of the promissory note.

The CA held that the trial court rightfully awarded attorney's fees as the same was stipulated in the promissory note. It stated that the award of attorney's fees was in the nature of a penal clause, which was valid and binding between the parties. Likewise, the CA agreed that Go and Go-Tan were solidarity liable with KT Construction for the judgment amount because, when they signed the promissory note in their personal capacities, they became co-makers thereof. It added that the parties themselves stipulated in the promissory note that their liability was solidary. The CA disposed the case in this wise:chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary
WHEREFORE, in view of the foregoing premises, the instant appeal is DENIED. The Decision of Branch 133 of the Regional Trial Court, Makati City, National Capital Judicial Region dated June 11, 2014 in Civil Case No. 11-060, is hereby AFFIRMED with the MODIFICATION that KT Construction, represented by William K. Go and Nancy Go-Tan, is ordered to pay PS Bank the amount equivalent to 6% per annum of the total of the monetary awards from the finality of this Decision until full payment thereof, as legal interest. In addition, the Clerk of Court of Branch 133 of the Regional Trial Court in Makati City, or his duly authorized deputy is DIRECTED to assess and collect the additional docket fees from Philippine Savings Bank as fees in lien in accordance with Section 2, Rule 141 of the Rules of Court.

SO ORDERED.6
KT Construction moved for reconsideration, but its motion was denied by the CA in its November 23, 2016 resolution.

Hence, this appeal instituted by KT Construction raising the following errors:chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary
ISSUES

I

THE COURT OF APPEALS GRAVELY AND PALPABLY ERRED, AS DID THE LOWER COURT, IN HOLDING WILLIAM GO AND NANCY GO TAN JOINTLY AND SEVERALLY LIABLE WITH THE PETITIONER TO THE RESPONDENT BANK;

II

THE COURT OF APPEALS ERRED, AS DID THE LOWER COURT, IN NOT FINDING THAT THE COMPLAINT IN THIS CASE WAS PREMATURELY FILED;

III

THE COURT OF APPEALS ERRED, AS DID THE LOWER COURT, IN FAILING TO DECLARE THE PROMISSORY NOTE IN QUESTION AS NULL AND VOID FOR BEING A CONTRACT OF ADHESION; AND

IV

THE COURT OF APPEALS ERRED, AS DID THE LOWER COURT, IN AWARDING ATTORNEY'S FEES IN FAVOR OF THE RESPONDENT BANK.
7
KT Construction insists that Go and Go-Tan could not be held solidarity liable for the judgment award because they were neither impleaded nor served with summons. Moreover, they did not voluntarily appear before the court. Thus, the courts never acquired jurisdiction over their persons.

KT Construction further asserts that the complaint was premature because it was not alleged that it had defaulted in paying any of the installments due and that it had received a demand letter from PSBank. It reiterates that the promissory note was null and void for being a contract of adhesion. KT Construction also argues that the award of attorney's fees was improper because it was contrary to the policy that no premium should be placed on the right to litigate.

In its Comment,8 dated March 3, 2017, PSBank countered that Go and Go-Tan were solidarity liable with KT Construction because they signed the promissory note in favor of PSBank as officers of the corporation and in their personal capacities. It averred that the obligation was already due and demandable in view of the acceleration clause in the promissory note. Further, PSBank pointed out that the promissory note was consensual as the parties voluntarily signed the same. Finally, it claimed that attorney's fees were rightfully awarded because the same formed part of the terms and conditions of the loan agreement.

The Court's Ruling

The petition is partly meritorious.

It has long been settled that an acceleration clause is valid and produces legal effects.9 In the case at bench, the promissory note explicitly stated that default in any of the installments shall make the entire obligation due and demandable even without notice or demand. Thus, KT Construction was erroneous in saying that PSBank's complaint was premature on the ground that the loan was due only on October 12, 2011. KT Construction's entire loan obligation became due and demandable when it failed to pay an installment pursuant to the acceleration clause.

Moreover, KT Construction could not evade responsibility by claiming that it had not received any demand letter for the payment of the loan. PSBank had sent a demand letter,10 dated February 3, 2011, asking KT Construction to pay the remaining obligation within five (5) days from receipt of the letter. More importantly, even granting that KT Construction did not receive the demand letter, the loan still became due and demandable because the parties expressly waived the necessity of demand.11

Further, KT Construction is mistaken that it could not be held liable for the entire loan obligation because PSBank failed to prove how many installments it had failed to pay. In Bognot v. RRI Lending Corporation,12 the Court explained that once the indebtedness had been established, the burden is on the debtor to prove payment, to wit:chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary
Jurisprudence tells us that one who pleads payment has the burden of proving it; the burden rests on the defendant to prove payment, rather than on the plaintiff to prove non-payment. Indeed, once the existence of an indebtedness is duly established by evidence, the burden of showing with legal certainty that the obligation has been discharged by payment rests on the debtor.13
In the case at bench, KT Construction admitted that it obtained a loan with PSBank. It, nevertheless, averred that it had been regularly paying the loan. Thus, KT Construction could have easily provided deposit slips and other documentary evidence to prove the fact of payment. It, however, merely alleged that it religiously paid its obligation without presenting any evidence to substantiate the said obligation.

In a further attempt to absolve itself from the loan obligation, KT Construction argued that the promissory note was null and void because it was a contract of adhesion. It may be true that KT Construction had no hand in its preparation. Still, it has been ruled in a plethora of cases that a contract of adhesion is not invalid per se.14 Contracts of adhesion, where one party imposes a ready-made form of contract on the other, are not entirely prohibited. The one who adheres to the contract is, in reality, free to reject it entirely; if he adheres, he gives his consent.15

KT Construction also claimed that attorney's fees should not be awarded for lack of legal basis. The promissory note, however, categorically provided for the payment of attorney's fees in case of default. The said stipulation constituted a penal clause to which the parties were bound, it being part of the contract between the parties.16 KT Construction was mistaken in relying on Article 2208 of the Civil Code because the same applies only when there is no stipulation as to the payment of attorney's fees in case of default.

Only parties to the case may be bound by the court's decision

The courts a quo, however, erred in holding Go and Go-Tan solidarity liable for the judgment award in PSBank's favor. In Guy v. Gacott,17 the Court ruled that a judgment binds only those who were made parties in the case, to wit:chanRoblesvirtualLawlibrary
In relation to the rules of civil procedure, it is elementary that a judgment of a court is conclusive and binding only upon the parties and their successors-in-interest after the commencement of the action in court. A decision rendered on a complaint in a civil action or proceeding does not bind or prejudice a person not impleaded therein, for no person shall be adversely affected by the outcome of a civil action or proceeding in which he is not a party. The principle that a person cannot be prejudiced by a ruling rendered in an action or proceeding in which he has not been made a party conforms to the constitutional guarantee of due process of law.
In short, jurisdiction over the person of the parties must be acquired so that the decision of the court would be binding upon them. It is a fundamental rule that jurisdiction over a defendant is acquired in a civil case either through service of summons or voluntary appearance in court and submission to its authority.18

In the case at bench, Go and Go-Tan were neither impleaded in the civil case nor served with summons. They merely acted as representatives of KT Construction, which was impleaded as the defendant in the complaint. It is for this reason that only KT Construction filed an answer to the complaint. Thus, it is clear that the trial court never acquired jurisdiction over Go and Go-Tan.

Consequently, it was improper for the trial court to declare in its dispositive portion that Go and Go-Tan were jointly and severally liable with KT Construction for the judgment award. It is noteworthy that their liability as co-makers was never discussed in the body of the decision and that their solidary liability was a mere conclusion in the dispositive portion.

WHEREFORE, the April 22, 2016 Decision and November 23, 2016 Resolution of the Court of Appeals in CA-G.R. CV No. 103037, are AFFIRMED with MODIFICATION, in that, only petitioner KT Construction Supply, Inc. is bound by the judgment award.

SO ORDERED.

Peralta,**(Acting Chairperson), and Martires, JJ., concur.
Carpio, J., on official leave.
Leonen, J., on leave.

Endnotes:


**�� Per Special Order No. 2445 dated June 16, 2017.

1 Penned by Associate Justice Henri Jean Paul B. Inting with Associate Justice Mario V. Lopez and Associate Justice Ramon A. Cruz, concurring; rollo, pp. 30-43.

2 Id. at 45-46.

3 Penned by Presiding Judge Elpidio R. Calis; id. at 98-102.

4 Id. at 72.

5 Id. at 102.

6 Id. at 42-43.

7 Id. at 10.

8 Id. at 151-158.

9Premiere Development Bank v. Central Surety & Insurance Company, Inc., 598 Phil. 827, 849 (2009).

10Rollo, p. 74.

11Spouses Agner v. BPI Family Savings Bank, Inc., 710 Phil. 82, 85-86 (2013).

12 736 Phil. 357 (2014).

13 Id. at 367.

14Norton Resources and Development Corporation v. All Asia Bank Corporation, 620 Phil. 381, 392 (2009).

15 Id. at 392.

16Baron Marketing Corp. v. CA, 349 Phil. 769, 779-780 (1998).

17 G.R. No. 206147, January 13, 2016.

18Prudential Bank v. Magdamit, Jr., G.R. No. 183795, November 12, 2014, 740 SCRA 1, 13.



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  • G.R. No. 228435, June 21, 2017 - KT CONSTRUCTION SUPPLY, INC., REPRESENTED BY WILLIAM GO, Petitioner, v. PHILIPPINE SAVINGS BANK, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 200370, June 07, 2017 - MARIO VERIDIANO Y SAPI, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 198544, June 19, 2017 - SEAPOWER SHIPPING ENT., INC., Petitioner, v. HEIRS OF WARREN M. SABANAL, REPRESENTED BY ELVIRA ONG-SABANAL, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 192391, June 19, 2017 - ESTATE OF HONORIO POBLADOR, JR., REPRESENTED BY RAFAEL A. POBLADOR, Petitioner, v. ROSARIO L. MANZANO, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 218242, June 21, 2017 - PAULINO M. ALDABA, Petitioner, v. CAREER PHILIPPINES SHIP-MANAGEMENT, INC., COLUMBIA SHIPMANAGEMENT LTD., AND/OR VERLOU CARMELINO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 220718, June 21, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. NICOLAS TUBILLO Y ABELLA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 210654, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. PABLO LUAD ARMODIA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 208243, June 05, 2017 - EDWIN GRANADA REYES, Petitioner, v. THE OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN, THE SANDIGANBAYAN, AND PAUL JOCSON ARCHES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 200512, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ELMER AVANCENA Y CABANELA, JAIME POPIOCO Y CAMBAYA1 AND NOLASCO TAYTAY Y CRUZ, Accused-Appellants.

  • A.M. No. P-16-3616 [Formerly OCA I.P.I. No. 15-4457-P], June 21, 2017 - ATTY. PROSENCIO D. JASO, Complainant, v. GLORIA L. LONDRES, COURT STENOGRAPHER III, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 258, PARA�AQUE CITY, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 198066, June 07, 2017 - YOLANDO T. BRAVO, Petitioner, v. URIOS COLLEGE (NOW FATHER SATURNINO URIOS UNIVERSITY) AND/OR FR. JOHN CHRISTIAN U. YOUNG, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 194152, June 05, 2017 - MAKILITO B. MAHINAY, Petitioner, v. DURA TIRE & RUBBER INDUSTRIES, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 212201, June 28, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RODOLFO DENIEGA Y ESPINOSA, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 219848, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. GODOFREDO MACARAIG Y GONZALES, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 213088, June 28, 2017 - LAND TRANSPORTATION FRANCHISING AND REGULATORY BOARD (LTFRB), Petitioner, v. G.V. FLORIDA TRANSPORT, INC., Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 214500, June 28, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v, MICHELLE DELA CRUZ, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 226846, June 21, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JEFFREY MACARANAS Y FERNANDEZ, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 224300, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JOSE CUTARA Y BRIX, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 176703, June 28, 2017 - MUNICIPALITY OF CAINTA, Petitioner, v. CITY OF PASIG AND UNIWIDE SALES WAREHOUSE CLUB, INC., Respondents.; G.R. No. 176721 - UNIWIDE SALES WAREHOUSE CLUB, INC., Petitioner, v. CITY OF PASIG AND MUNICIPALITY OF CAINTA, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 220143, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JONATHAN BAAY Y FALCO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 203114, June 28, 2017 - VIRGILIO LABANDRIA AWAS, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 211108, June 07, 2017 - ALEJANDRO D.C. ROQUE, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 214301, June 07, 2017 - RAMON MANUEL T. JAVINES, Petitioner, v. XLIBRIS A.K.A. AUTHOR SOLUTIONS, INC., JOSEPH STEINBACH, AND STELLA MARS OUANO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 205283, June 07, 2017 - ABIGAIL L. MENDIOLA, Petitioner, v. VENERANDO P. SANGALANG, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 212934, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. BLAS GAA Y RODRIGUEZ, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 224532, June 21, 2017 - CONSTANCIO CADERAO BALATERO, Petitioner, v. SENATOR CREWING (MANILA) INC., AQUANAUT SHIPMANAGEMENT LTD., ROSE AARON AND CARLOS BONOAN, MV MSC FLAMINIA, Respondents.; G.R. No. 224565, June 21, 2017 - SENATOR CREWING (MANILA) INC., AQUANAUT SHIPMANAGEMENT LTD., ROSE AARON AND CARLOS BONOAN, Petitioners, v. CONSTANCIO C. BALATERO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 225623, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. LORENZO RAYTOS Y ESPINO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 207001, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RICHARD F. TRIPOLI AND ROMULO B. IMPAS, Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 191174, June 07, 2017 - PARADIGM DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, v. BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES ISLANDS, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 217459, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ALBERTO FORTUNA ALBERCA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 220758, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. STEPHAN CABILES Y SUAREZ A.K.A. "KANO", Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 177000, June 19, 2017 - NESTOR GUELOS, RODRIGO GUELOS, GIL CARANDANG AND SPO2 ALFREDO CARANDANG Y PRESCILLA, Petitioners, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 221096, June 28, 2017 - CLAUDIA'S KITCHEN, INC. AND ENZO SQUILLANTINI, Petitioners, v. MA. REALIZA S. TANGUIN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 206702, June 07, 2017 - REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, REPRESENTED BY THE NATIONAL IRRIGATION ADMINISTRATION, Petitioner, v. ROLANDO C. CEBUAN, RUBEN C. CEBUAN, ERIC C. CEBUAN, SAMUEL C. BARING, BEATRICE A. LOW, LEONORE L. DE LA SERNA AND HEIRS OF LORENZO UMBAAD, Respondents

  • G.R. No. 227005, June 19, 2017 - BDO UNIBANK, INC., Petitioner, v. ENGR. SELWYN LAO, DOING BUSINESS UNDER THE NAME AND STYLE "SELWYN F. LAO CONSTRUCTION" AND "WING AN CONSTRUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION" AND INTERNATIONAL EXCHANGE BANK (NOW UNION BANK OF THE PHILIPPINES), Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 227306, June 19, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ROBERTO ESPERANZA JESALVA ALIAS "ROBERT SANTOS," Accused-Appellants.

  • G.R. No. 224144, June 28, 2017 - LOLITA BAS CAPABLANCA, Petitioner, v. HEIRS OF PEDRO BAS, REPRESENTED BY JOSEFINA BAS ESPINOSA AND REGISTER OF DEEDS OF THE PROVINCE OF CEBU, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 216987, June 05, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. WILFREDO PACAYRA Y MABUTOL, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 222685, June 21, 2017 - LORETA SAMBALILO, SALVADOR SAMBALILO, ZOILO SAMBALILO, JR. AND RENANTE SAMBALILO, Petitioners, v. SPOUSES PABLO LLARENAS AND FE LLARENAS, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 221085, June 19, 2017 - RAVENGAR G. IBON, Petitioner, v. GENGHIS KHAN SECURITY SERVICES AND/OR MARIETTA VALLESPIN, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 202091, June 07, 2017 - SUMIFRU (PHILIPPINES) CORP. (SURVIVING ENTITY OF A MERGER WITH FRESH BANANA AGRICULTURAL CORPORATION AND OTHER CORPORATIONS), Petitioner, v. NAGKAHIUSANG MAMUMUO SA SUYAPA FARM1 (NAMASUFA-NAFLU-KMU), Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 198485, June 05, 2017 - MARUBENI PHILIPPINES CORPORATION, Petitioner, v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 220977, June 19, 2017 - PO1 CELSO TABOBO III Y EBID, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 196650, June 07, 2017 - SPECTRUM SECURITY SERVICES, INC., Petitioner, v. DAVID GRAVE, ARIEL V. AROA, TOMASINO R. DE CHAVEZ, JR., LUCITO P. SAMARITA, SAIDOMAR M. MAROHOM, LITO V. MAHILOM AND OLIVER N. MARTIN, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 159139, June 06, 2017 - INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY FOUNDATION OF THE PHILIPPINES, MA. CORAZON M. AKOL, MIGUEL UY, EDUARDO H. LOPEZ, AUGUSTO C. LAGMAN, REX C. DRILON, MIGUEL HILADO, LEY SALCEDO, AND MANUEL ALCUAZ, JR., Petitioners, v. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS, COMELEC CHAIRMAN BENJAMIN ABALOS, SR., COMELEC BIDDING AND AWARDS COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN EDUARDO D. MEJOS AND MEMBERS GIDEON DE GUZMAN, JOSE F. BALBUENA, LAMBERTO P. LLAMAS, AND BARTOLOME SINOCRUZ, JR., Respondents.; G.R. NO. 174777 - AQUILINO Q. PIMENTEL, JR., SERGIO R. OSME�A III, PANFILO M. LACSON, ALFREDO S. LIM, JAMBY A.S. MADRIGAL, LUISA P. EJERCITO-ESTRADA, JINGGOY E. ESTRADA, RODOLFO G. BIAZON, AND RICHARD J. GORDON, Petitioners, v. MA. MERCEDITAS NAVARRO-GUTIERREZ, IN HER CAPACITY AS OMBUDSMAN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 215195, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. JOSE DESCARTIN, JR. Y MERCADER, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 220022, June 19, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. WILTON ALACDIS Y ANATIL A.K.A. "WELTON", DOMINGO LINGBANAN (AT-LARGE), AND PEPITO ANATIL ALACDIS (AT-LARGE), Accused.; WILTON ALACDIS Y ANATIL A.K.A. "WELTON", Accused-Appellant.

  • A.M. No. P-15-3335 [Formerly A.M. No. 15-04-98-RTC], June 28, 2017 - OFFICE OF THE COURT ADMINISTRATOR, Complainant, v. ATTY. JEROME B. BANTIYAN, CLERK OF COURT VI AND ERLINDA G. CAMILO, FORMER OIC/COURT INTERPRETER, BOTH OF THE REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, BRANCH 34, BANAUE, IFUGAO, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 219615, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. RAFAEL AGUDO Y DEL VALLE, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 219590, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MARCIAL M. PARDILLO, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 224099, June 21, 2017 - ROMMEL M. ZAMBRANO, ROMEO O. CALIPAY, JESUS L. CHIN, LYNDON B. APOSAGA, BONIFACIO A. CASTA�EDA, ROSEMARIE P. FALCUNIT, ROMEO A. FINALLA, LUISITO G. GELLIDO, JOSE ALLI L. MABUHAY, VICENTE A. MORALES, RAUL L. REANZARES, DIODITO I. TACUD, ERNAN D. TERCERO, LARRY V. MUTIA, ROMEO A. GURON, DIOSDADO S. AZUSANO, BENEDICTO D. GIDAYAWAN, LOWIS M. LANDRITO, NARCISO R. ASI, TEODULO BORAC, SANTOS J. CRUZADO, JR., ROLANDO DELA CRUZ, RAYMUNDO, MILA Y. ABLAY, ERMITY F. GABUCAY, PABLITO M. LACANARIA, MELCHOR PE�AFLOR, ARSENIO B. PICART III, ROMEO M. SISON, JOSE VELASCO JR., ERWIN M. VICTORIA, PRISCO J. ABILO, WILFREDO D. ARANDIA, ALEXANDER Y. HILADO, JAIME M. CORALES, GERALDINE C. MAUHAY, MAURO P. MARQUEZ, JONATHAN T. BARQUIN, RICARDO M. CALDERON JR., RENATOR. RAMIREZ, VIVIAN P. VIRTUDES, DOMINGO P. COSTANTINO JR., RENATO A. MANAIG, RAFAEL D. CARILLO, Petitioners, v. PHILIPPINE CARPET MANUFACTURING CORPORATION/PACIFIC CARPET MANUFACTURING CORPORATION, DAVID E. T. LIM, AND EVELYN LIM FORBES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 209518, June 19, 2017 - MA. HAZELINA A. TUJAN-MILITANTE, Petitioner, v. ANA KARI CARMENCITA NUSTAD, AS REPRESENTED BY ATTY. MARGUERITE THERESE L. LUCILA, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 208359, June 19, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. DEMETRIO SABIDA Y SADIWA, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 206114, June 19, 2017 - DOLORES ALEJO, Petitioner, v. SPOUSES ERNESTO CORTEZ AND PRISCILLA SAN PEDRO, SPOUSES JORGE LEONARDO AND JACINTA LEONARDO AND THE REGISTER OF DEEDS OF BULACAN, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 192723, June 05, 2017 - LEOVIGILDO A. DE CASTRO, Petitioner, v. FIELD INVESTIGATION OFFICE, OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN AND THE COMMISSIONER OF CUSTOMS, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 207516, June 19, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. AMBROSIO OHAYAS, ROBERTO OWAS, FLORENCIO RAPANA, CERELO BALURO, EDDIE YAGUNO, RUPO YAGUNO AND JERRY YAGUNO, ACCUSED. AMBROSIO OHAYAS, Accused-Appellant.

  • A.C. No. 8371, June 28, 2017 - SPOUSES GERARDO MONTECILLO AND DOMINGA SALONOY, Complainant, v. ATTY. EDUARDO Z. GATCHALIAN, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 208450, June 05, 2017 - SPS. ROBERTO ABOITIZ AND MARIA CRISTINA CABARRUS, Petitioners, v. SPS. PETER L. PO AND VICTORIA L. PO, Respondents.; G.R. No. 208497 - SPS. PETER L. PO AND VICTORIA L. PO, Petitioners, v. SPS. ROBERTO ABOITIZ AND MARIA CRISTINA CABARRUS, JOSE MARIA MORAZA, AND ERNESTO ABOITIZ AND ISABEL ABOITIZ, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 218572, June 19, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. BILLIE GHER TUBALLAS Y FAUSTINO, Accused-Appellant,

  • G.R. No. 202922, June 19, 2017 - COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Petitioner, v. SEMIRARA MINING CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 198795, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. MERCEDITAS MATHEUS Y DELOS REYES, Accused-Appellant.

  • G.R. No. 195003, June 07, 2017 - CITY OF BATANGAS, REPRESENTED BY HON. SEVERINA VILMA ABAYA, IN HER CAPACITY AS CITY MAYOR OF BATANGAS, Petitioner, v. PHILIPPINE SHELL PETROLEUM CORPORATION AND SHELL PHILIPPINES EXPLORATION B.V., Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 198162, June 21, 2017 - CORAZON M. LACAP, Petitioner, v. SANDIGANBAYAN [FOURTH DIVISION] AND THE PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 202086, June 21, 2017 - NORMAN PANALIGAN, IRENEO VILLAJIN, AND GABRIEL PENILLA, Petitioners, v. PHYVITA ENTERPRISES CORPORATION, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 189102, June 07, 2017 - CHIQUITA BRANDS, INC. AND CHIQUITA BRANDS INTERNATIONAL, INC., Petitioners, v. HON. GEORGE E. OMELIO, REGIONAL TRIAL COURT, DAVAO CITY, BRANCH 14, SHERIFF ROBERTO C. ESGUERRA, CECILIO G. ABENION, AND 1,842 OTHER PLAINTIFFS IN CIVIL CASE NO. 95-45, Respondents.

  • G.R. No. 208001, June 19, 2017 - P/C SUPT. EDWIN A. PFLEIDER, Petitioner, v. PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Respondent.

  • G.R. No. 225634, June 07, 2017 - PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. ALLAN JAO Y CALONIA AND ROGELIO CATIGTIG Y COBIO, Accused-Appellants.