49 C.F.R. Subpart C—Steam Locomotives and Tenders
Title 49 - Transportation
The steam locomotive owner and operator are responsible for the general design, construction and maintenance of the steam locomotives and tenders under their control. The steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall inspect and repair all steam locomotives and tenders under their control. All defects disclosed by any inspection shall be repaired in accordance with accepted industry standards, which may include established railroad practices, before the steam locomotive or tender is returned to service. The steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall not return the steam locomotive or tender to service unless they are in good condition and safe and suitable for service. Steam locomotives that operate at speeds in excess of 20 miles per hour over the general system of railroad transportation shall be equipped with speed indicators. Where equipped, speed indicators shall be maintained to ensure accurate functioning.
Title 49: Transportation
PART 230—STEAM LOCOMOTIVE INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE STANDARDS
Subpart C—Steam Locomotives and Tenders
§ 230.66 Design, construction, and maintenance.
§ 230.67 Responsibility for inspection and repairs.
Speed Indicators
§ 230.68 Speed indicators.
Ash Pans
§ 230.69 Ash pans.
Ash pans shall be securely supported from mud-rings or frames with no part less than 2
Brake and Signal Equipment
§ 230.70 Safe condition.
(a) Pre-departure inspection. At the beginning of each day the locomotive is used, the steam locomotive operator shall ensure that:
(1) The brakes on the steam locomotive and tender are in safe and suitable condition for service;
(2) The air compressor or compressors are in condition to provide an ample supply of air for the locomotive service intended;
(3) The devices for regulating all pressures are properly performing their functions;
(4) The brake valves work properly in all positions; and
(5) The water has been drained from the air-brake system.
(b) Brake pipe valve required. Each steam locomotive shall have a brake pipe valve attached to the front of the tender, the rear of the back cab wall, or adjacent to the exit of a vestibuled cab. The words “Emergency Brake Valve” shall be clearly displayed near the valve.
§ 230.71 Orifice testing of compressors.
(a) Frequency of testing. The compressor or compressors shall be tested for capacity by orifice test as often as conditions may require, but not less frequently than once every 92 service days.
(b) Orifice testing criteria. (1) Compressors in common use, as listed in the following table, shall have orifice test criteria as follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Diameter of Air pressure Make Compressor size Single strokes orifice (in maintained (in per minute inches) pounds)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Westinghouse.......................... 9\1/2\.................. 120 \11/64\ 60Westinghouse.......................... 11...................... 100 \3/16\ 60Westinghouse.......................... 150 CFM 8\1/2\ CC....... 100 \9/32\ 60Westinghouse.......................... 120 CFM 8\1/2\.......... 100 \15/64\ 60New York.............................. 2a...................... 120 \5/32\ 60New York.............................. 6a...................... 100 \13/64\ 60New York.............................. 5b...................... 100 \15/64\ 60----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Note: This table shall be used for altitudes to and including 1,000 feet. For altitudes over 1,000 feet the speed of compressor may be increased 5 single strokes per minute for each 1,000 feet increase in altitude.
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(2) For compressors not listed in the table in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the air pressure to be maintained shall be no less than 80 percent of the manufacturer's rated capacity for the compressor. § 230.72 Testing main reservoirs.(a) Hammer and hydrostatic testing. Except as described in paragraphs (b) through (d) of this section, every main reservoir, except those cast integrally with the frame, shall be hammer and hydrostatically tested during each annual inspection. The reservoir shall be hammer tested while empty and with no pressure applied. If no defective areas are detected, a hydrostatic test of MAWP shall be applied. (b) Drilling of main reservoirs. (1) Only welded main reservoir originally constructed to withstand at least five times the MAWP may be drilled over its entire surface with telltale holes that are D=(.6PR/(S−.6P))
Where: D = Extreme depth of telltale holes in inches but in no case less than one-sixteenth inch; P = certified working pressure in psi; S = R = inside radius of the reservoir in inches. (2) One row of holes shall be drilled lengthwise of the reservoir on a line intersecting the drain opening. When main reservoirs are drilled as described in paragraph (b)(1) of this section, the hydrostatic and hammer tests described in paragraph (a) of this section are not required during the annual inspection. Whenever any telltale hole shall have penetrated the interior of any reservoir, the reservoir shall be permanently withdrawn from service. (c) Welded main reservoirs without longitudinal lap seams. For welded main reservoirs that do not have longitudinal lap seams, an appropriate NDE method that can measure the wall thickness of the reservoir may be used instead of the hammer test and hydrostatic test required in paragraph (a) of this section. The spacing of the sampling points for wall thickness shall not be greater than 12 inches longitudinally and circumferentially. The reservoir shall permanently be withdrawn from service where the NDE testing reveals wall thickness less than the value determined by the following formula: t=(PR/(S−.6P)
Where: t = Minimum value for wall thickness; P = Certified working pressure in psi; S = R = Inside radius of the reservoir in inches. (d) Welded or riveted longitudinal lap seam main reservoirs. (1) For welded or riveted longitudinal lap seam main reservoirs, an appropriate NDE method that can measure wall thickness of the reservoir shall be used instead of, or in addition to, the hammer test and hydrostatic test. The spacing of the sampling points for wall thickness shall not be greater than 12 inches longitudinally and circumferentially. Particular care shall be taken to measure along the longitudinal seam on both plates at an interval of no more than 6 inches longitudinally. The reservoir shall be withdrawn permanently from service where NDE testing reveals wall thickness less than the value determined by the following formula: t=(PR/(0.5S−0.6P))
Where: t = Minimum value for wall thickness; P = Certified working pressure in psi; S = R = Inside radius of the reservoir in inches. (2) Repairs of reservoirs with reduced wall thickness are prohibited. § 230.73 Air gauges.(a) Location. Air gauges shall be so located that they may be conveniently read by the engineer from his or her usual position in the cab. No air gauge may be more than 3 psi in error. (b) Frequency of testing. Air gauges shall be tested prior to reapplication following removal, as well as during the 92 service day inspection and whenever any irregularity is reported. (c) Method of testing. Air gauges shall be tested using an accurate test gauge or dead weight tester designed for this purpose. § 230.74 Time of cleaning.All valves in the air brake system, including related dirt collectors and filters, shall be cleaned and tested in accordance with accepted brake equipment manufacturer's specifications, or as often as conditions require to maintain them in a safe and suitable condition for service, but not less frequently than after 368 service days or during the second annual inspection, whichever occurs first. § 230.75 Stenciling dates of tests and cleaning.The date of testing and cleaning and the initials of the shop or station at which the work is done, shall legibly be stenciled in a conspicuous place on the tested parts or placed on a card displayed under a transparent cover in the cab of the steam locomotive. § 230.76 Piston travel.(a) Minimum piston travel. The minimum piston travel shall be sufficient to provide proper brake shoe clearance when the brakes are released. (b) Maximum piston travel. The maximum piston travel when steam locomotive is standing shall be as follows: |
------------------------------------------------------------------------ Maximum piston Type of wheel brake travel (in inches)------------------------------------------------------------------------Cam Type Driving Wheel Brake............................... 3\1/2\Other forms of Driving Wheel Brake......................... 6Engine Truck Brake......................................... 8Tender Brake............................................... 9------------------------------------------------------------------------
§ 230.77 Foundation brake gear.(a) Maintenance. Foundation brake gear shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. Levers, rods, brake beams, hangers, and pins shall be of ample strength, and shall not be fouled in any way which will affect the proper operation of the brake. All pins shall be properly secured in place with cotter pine, split keys, or nuts. Brake shoes must be properly applied and kept approximately in line with the tread of the wheel. (b) Distance above the rails. No part of the foundation brake gear of the steam locomotive or tender shall be less than 2 § 230.78 Leakage.(a) Main reservoirs and related piping. Leakage from main reservoir and related piping shall be tested at every 92 service day inspection and shall not exceed an average of 3 psi per minute in a test of 3 minutes duration that is made after the pressure has been reduced to 60 percent of the maximum operating pressure. (b) Brake cylinders. Leakage from brake cylinders shall be tested at every 92 service day inspection. With a full service application from maximum brake pipe pressure, and with communication to the brake cylinders closed, the brakes on the steam locomotive and tender must remain applied for a minimum of 5 minutes. (c) Brake pipes. Steam locomotive brake pipe leakage shall be tested at the beginning of each day the locomotive is used, and shall not exceed 5 psi per minute. § 230.79 Train signal system.Where utilized, the train signal system, or any other form of on-board communication, shall be tested and known to be in safe and suitable condition for service at the beginning of each day the locomotive is used. Cabs, Warning Signals, Sanders and Lights§ 230.80 Cabs.(a) General provisions. Cabs shall be securely attached or braced and maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. Cab windows of steam locomotives shall provide an undistorted view of the track and signals for the crew from their normal position in the cab. Cab floors shall be kept free of tripping or slipping hazards. The cab climate shall be maintained to provide an environment that does not unreasonably interfere with the engine crew's performance of their duties under ordinary conditions of service. (b) Steam pipes. Steam pipes shall not be fastened to the cab. New construction or renewals made of iron or steel pipe greater than (c) Oil-burning steam locomotives. If the cab is enclosed, oil burning steam locomotives that take air for combustion through the fire-door opening shall have a suitable conduit extending from the fire-door to the outside of the cab. § 230.81 Cab aprons.(a) General provisions. Cab aprons shall be of proper length and width to ensure safety. Cab aprons shall be securely hinged, maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service, and roughened, or other provision made, to afford secure footing. (b) Width of apron. The cab apron shall be of a sufficient width to prevent, when the drawbar is disconnected and the safety chains or the safety bars are taut, the apron from dropping between the steam locomotive and tender. § 230.82 Fire doors.(a) General provisions. Each steam locomotive shall have a fire door which shall latch securely when closed and which shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. Fire doors on all oil-burning locomotives shall be latched securely with a pin or key. (b) Mechanically operated fire doors. Mechanically operated fire doors shall be so constructed and maintained that they may be operated by pressure of the foot on a pedal, or other suitable appliance, located on the floor of the cab or tender at a suitable distance from the fire door, so that they may be conveniently operated by the person firing the steam locomotive. (c) Hand-operated doors. Hand operated fire doors shall be so constructed and maintained that they may be conveniently operated by the person firing the steam locomotive. § 230.83 Cylinder cocks.Each steam locomotive shall be equipped with cylinder cocks which can be operated from the cab of the steam locomotive. All cylinder cocks shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. § 230.84 Sanders.Steam locomotives shall be equipped with operable sanders that deposit sand on the rail head in front of a set of driving wheels. Sanders shall be tested at the beginning of each day the locomotive is used. § 230.85 Audible warning device.(a) General provisions. Each steam locomotive shall be equipped with an audible warning device that produces a minimum sound level of 96db(A) at 100 feet in front of the steam locomotive in its direction of travel. The device shall be arranged so that it may conveniently be operated by the engineer from his or her normal position in the cab. (b) Method of measurement. Measurement of the sound level shall be made using a sound level meter conforming, at a minimum, to the requirements of ANSI S1.4–1971, Type 2, and set to an A-weighted slow response. While the steam locomotive is on level, tangent track, the microphone shall be positioned 4 feet above the ground at the center line of the track and shall be oriented with respect to the sound source in accordance with the microphone manufacturer's recommendations. § 230.86 Required illumination.(a) General provisions. Each steam locomotive used between sunset and sunrise shall be equipped with an operable headlight that provides illumination sufficient for a steam locomotive engineer in the cab to see, in a clear atmosphere, a dark object as large as a man of average size standing at least 800 feet ahead and in front of such headlight. If a steam locomotive is regularly required to run backward for any portion of its trip other than to pick up a detached portion of its train or to make terminal movements, it shall also be equipped on its rear end with an operable headlight that is capable of providing the illumination described in this paragraph (a). (b) Dimming device. Such headlights shall be provided with a device whereby the light from same may be diminished in yards and at stations or when meeting trains. (c) Where multiple locomotives utilized. When two or more locomotives are used in the same train, the leading locomotive only will be required to display a headlight. § 230.87 Cab lights.Each steam locomotive shall have cab lights that sufficiently illuminate the control instruments, meters and gauges to allow the engine crew to make accurate readings from their usual and proper positions in the cab. These lights shall be so located and constructed that the light will shine only on those parts requiring illumination and does not interfere with the engine crew's vision of the track and signals. Each steam locomotive shall also have a conveniently located additional lamp that can be readily turned on and off by the persons operating the steam locomotive and that provides sufficient illumination to read train orders and timetables. Throttles and Reversing Gear§ 230.88 Throttles.Throttles shall be maintained in safe and suitable condition for service, and efficient means shall be provided to hold the throttle lever in any desired position. § 230.89 Reverse gear.(a) General provisions. Reverse gear, reverse levers, and quadrants shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. Reverse lever latch shall be so arranged that it can be easily disengaged, and provided with a spring which will keep it firmly seated in quadrant. Proper counterbalance shall be provided for the valve gear. (b) Air-operated power reverse gear. Steam locomotives that are equipped with air operated power reverse gear shall be equipped with a connection whereby such gear may be operated by steam or by an auxiliary supply of air in case of failure of the main reservoir air pressure. The operating valve handle for such connection shall be conveniently located in the cab of the locomotive and shall be plainly marked. If an independent air reservoir is used as the source of the auxiliary supply for the reverse gear, it shall be provided with means to automatically prevent loss of pressure in event of failure of the main reservoir air pressure. (c) Power reverse gear reservoirs. Power reverse gear reservoirs, if provided, must be equipped with the means to automatically prevent the loss of pressure in the event of a failure of main air pressure and have storage capacity for not less than one complete operating cycle of control equipment. Draw Gear and Draft Systems§ 230.90 Draw gear between steam locomotive and tender.(a) Maintenance and testing. The draw gear between the steam locomotive and tender, together with the pins and fastenings, shall be maintained in safe and suitable condition for service. The pins and drawbar shall be removed and tested for defects using an appropriate NDE method at every annual inspection. Where visual inspection does not disclose any defects, an additional NDE testing method shall be employed. Suitable means for securing the drawbar pins in place shall be provided. Inverted drawbar pins shall be held in place by plate or stirrup. (b) Safety bars and chains generally. One or more safety bar(s) or two or more safety chains shall be provided between the steam locomotive and tender. The combined strength of the safety chains or safety bar(s) and their fastenings shall be not less than 50 percent of the strength of the drawbar and its connections. These shall be maintained in safe and suitable condition for service, and inspected at the same time draw gear is inspected. (c) Minimum length of safety chains or bars. Safety chains or safety bar(s) shall be of the minimum length consistent with the curvature of the railroad on which the steam locomotive is operated. (d) Lost motion. Lost motion between steam locomotives and tenders not equipped with spring buffers shall be kept to a minimum and shall not exceed (e) Spring buffers. When spring buffers are used between steam locomotives and tenders the spring shall be applied with not less than § 230.91 Chafing irons.Chafing irons that permit proper curving shall be securely attached to the steam locomotive and tender, and shall be maintained to permit lateral and vertical movement. § 230.92 Draw gear and draft systems.Couplers, draft gear and attachments on steam locomotives and tenders shall be securely fastened, and maintained in safe and suitable condition for service. Driving Gear§ 230.93 Pistons and piston rods.(a) Maintenance and testing. Pistons and piston rods shall be maintained in safe and suitable condition for service. Piston rods shall be inspected for cracks each time they are removed, and shall be renewed if found defective. (b) Fasteners. Fasteners (keys, nuts, etc.) shall be kept tight and shall have some means to prevent them from loosening or falling out of place. § 230.94 Crossheads. Crossheads shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service, with not more than § 230.95 Guides.Guides shall be securely fastened and maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. § 230.96 Main, side, and valve motion rods.(a) General. Main, side or valve motion rods developing cracks or becoming otherwise defective shall be removed from service immediately and repaired or renewed. (b) Repairs. Repairs, and welding of main, side or valve motion rods shall be made in accordance with an accepted national standard. The steam locomotive owner and/or operator shall submit a written request for approval to the FRA Regional Administrator prior to welding defective main rods, side rods, and valve gear components. (c) Bearings and bushings. Bearings and bushings shall so fit the rods as to be in a safe and suitable condition for service, and means shall be provided to prevent bushings from turning in the rod. Straps shall fit and be securely bolted to rods. Floating bushings need not be provided with means to prevent bushings from turning. (d) Side motion of rods. The total amount of side motion of each rod on its crank pin shall not exceed (e) Oil and grease cups. Oil and grease cups shall be securely attached to rods, and grease cup plugs shall be equipped with a suitable fastening that will prevent them from being ejected. (f) Main rod bearings. The bore of main rod bearings shall not exceed pin diameters more than (g) Side rod bearings. The bore of side rod bearings shall not exceed pin diameters more than § 230.97 Crank pins.(a) General provisions. Crank pins shall be securely applied. Securing the fit of a loose crank pin by shimming, prick punching, or welding is not permitted. (b) Maintenance. Crank pin collars and collar fasteners shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. Running Gear§ 230.98 Driving, trailing, and engine truck axles.(a) Condemning defects. Driving, trailing, and engine truck axles with any of the following defects shall be removed from service immediately and repaired (see appendix A of this part for inspection requirements): (1) Bent axle; (2) Cut journals that cannot be made to run cool without turning; (3) Transverse seams in iron or steel axles; (4) Seams in axles causing journals to run hot; (5) Axles that are unsafe on account of usage, accident or derailment; (6) Any axle worn (7) Any driving axles other than main driving axles with an original or new diameter greater than 6 inches that are worn (b) Journal diameter stamped. For steam locomotives with plain bearings, the original/new journal diameter shall be stamped on one end of the axle no later than January 18, 2005. § 230.99 Tender truck axles.The minimum diameters of axles for various axle loads shall be as follows: |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Minimum Minimum Minimum diameter of diameter of diameter of Axle load (in pounds) journal (in wheel seat (in center (in inches) inches) inches)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------50000........................................................... 5\1/2\ 7\3/8\ 6\7/16\38000........................................................... 5 6\3/4\ 5\7/8\31000........................................................... 4\1/2\ 6\1/4\ 5\5/16\22000........................................................... 3\3/4\ 5 4\3/8\15000........................................................... 3\1/4\ 4\5/8\ 3\7/8\----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
§ 230.100 Defects in tender truck axles and journals.(a) Tender truck axle condemning defects. Tender truck axles with any of the following defects shall be removed from service immediately and repaired: (1) Axles that are bent; (2) Collars that are broken, cracked, or worn to (3) Truck axles that are unsafe on account of usage, accident, or derailment; (4) A fillet in the back shoulder that is worn out; or (5) A gouge between the wheel seats that is more than (b) Tender truck journal condemning defects. Tender truck journals with any of the following defects shall be removed from service immediately and repaired : (1) Cut journals that cannot be made to run cool without turning; (2) Seams in axles causing journals to run hot; (3) Overheating, as evidenced by pronounced blue black discoloration; (4) Transverse seams in journals of iron or steel axles; or (5) Journal surfaces having any of the following: (i) A circumferential score; (ii) Corrugation; (iii) Pitting; (iv) Rust; (v) Etching. § 230.101 Steam locomotive driving journal boxes.(a) Driving journal boxes. Driving journal boxes shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. Not more than one shim may be used between the box and bearing. (b) Broken bearings. Broken bearings shall be renewed. (c) Loose bearings. Loose bearings shall be repaired or renewed. § 230.102 Tender plain bearing journal boxes.Plain bearing journal boxes with the following defects shall be removed from service immediately and repaired: (a) A box that does not contain visible free oil; (b) A box lid that is missing, broken, or open except to receive servicing; (c) A box containing foreign matter, such as dirt, sand, or coal dust that can reasonably be expected to damage the bearing; or have a detrimental effect on the lubrication of the journal and bearing; (d) A lubricating pad that: (1) Is missing; (2) Is not in contact with the journal; (3) Has a tear extending half the length or width of the pad, or more, except by design; (4) Shows evidence of having been scorched, burned, or glazed; (5) Contains decaying or deteriorated fabric that impairs proper lubrication of the pad; (6) Has an exposed center core (except by design); or (7) Has metal parts contacting the journal; (e) A plain bearing that: (1) Is missing, cracked, broken; (2) Has a bearing liner loose; (3) Has a broken out piece; or (4) Has indications of having been overheated, as evidenced by: (i) Melted babbitt: (ii) Smoke from hot oil; or (iii) Journal surface damage; or (f) A plain bearing wedge that: (1) Is missing, cracked or broken; or (2) Is not located in its design position. § 230.103 Tender roller bearing journal boxes.Tender roller bearing journal boxes shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition. § 230.104 Driving box shoes and wedges.Driving box shoes and wedges shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. § 230.105 Lateral motion.(a) Condemning limits. The total lateral motion or play between the hubs of the wheels and the boxes on any pair of wheels shall not exceed the following limits: |
------------------------------------------------------------------------ Inches------------------------------------------------------------------------Engine truck wheels (with swing centers)....................... 1Engine truck wheels (with rigid centers)....................... 1\1/2\Trailing truck wheels.......................................... 1Driving wheels................................................. \3/4\------------------------------------------------------------------------
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(b) Limits increased. These limits may be increased on steam locomotives operating on track where the curvature exceeds 20 degrees when it can be shown that conditions require additional lateral motion. (c) Non-interference with other parts. The lateral motion shall in all cases be kept within such limits that the driving wheels, rods, or crank pins will not interfere with other parts of the steam locomotive. Trucks, Frames and Equalizing System§ 230.106 Steam locomotive frame.(a) Maintenance and inspection. Frames, decks, plates, tailpieces, pedestals, and braces shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service, and shall be cleaned and thoroughly inspected as often as necessary to maintain in a safe and suitable condition for service with cleaning intervals, in any case, not to exceed every 1472 service days. (b) Broken frames. Broken frames properly patched or secured by clamps or other suitable means which restores the rigidity of the frame are permitted. § 230.107 Tender frame and body.(a) Maintenance. Tender frames shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. (b) Height difference. The difference in height between the deck on the tender and the cab floor or deck on the steam locomotive shall not exceed 1 (c) Gangway minimum width. The minimum width of the gangway between steam locomotive and tender, while standing on tangent track, shall be 16 inches. (d) Tender frame condemning defects. A tender frame with any of the following defects shall be removed from service immediately and repaired: (1) Portions of the tender frame or body (except wheels) that have less than a 2 (2) Tender center sill that is broken, cracked more than 6 inches, or permanently bent or buckled more than 2 (3) Tender coupler carrier that is broken or missing; (4) Tender center plate, any portion of which is missing or broken or that is not properly secured; or (5) Tender that has a broken side sill, crossbearer, or body bolster. § 230.108 Steam locomotive leading and trailing trucks. (a) Maintenance. Trucks shall be maintained in safe and suitable condition for service. Center plates shall fit properly, and the male center plate shall extend into the female center plate not less than (b) Safety chain required. A suitable safety chain shall be provided at each front corner of all four wheel engine trucks. (c) Clearance required. All parts of trucks shall have sufficient clearance to prevent them from interfering with any other part of the steam locomotive. § 230.109 Tender trucks. (a) Tender truck frames. A tender truck frame shall not be broken, or have a crack in a stress area that affects its structural integrity. Tender truck center plates shall be securely fastened, maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service, and provided with a center pin properly secured. The male center plate must extend into the female center plate at least (b) Tender truck bolsters. Truck bolsters shall be maintained approximately level. (c) Condemning defects for springs or spring rigging. Springs or spring rigging with any of the following defects shall be taken out of service immediately and renewed or properly repaired: (1) An elliptical spring with its top (long) leaf or any other five leaves in the entire spring pack broken; (2) A broken coil spring or saddle; (3) A coil spring that is fully compressed; (4) A broken or cracked equalizer, hanger, bolt, gib or pin; (5) A broken coil spring saddle; and (6) A semi-elliptical spring with a top (long) leaf broken or two leaves in the top half broken, or any three leaves in the entire spring broken. (d) Tender securing arrangement. Where equipped, tender devices and/or securing arrangements intended to prevent the truck and tender body from separating in case of derailment shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. (e) Side bearings and truck centering devices. Where equipped, side bearings and truck centering devices shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. (f) Friction side bearings. Friction side bearings shall not be run in contact, and shall not be considered to be in contact if there is clearance between them on either side when measured on tangent level track. (g) Side bearings. All rear trucks shall be equipped with side bearings. When the spread of side bearings is 50 inches, their maximum clearance shall be § 230.110 Pilots.(a) General provisions. Pilots shall be securely attached, properly braced, and maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. (b) Minimum and maximum clearance. The minimum clearance of pilot above the rail shall be 3 inches and the maximum clearance shall be 6 inches measured on tangent level track. § 230.111 Spring rigging.(a) Arrangement of springs and equalizers. Springs and equalizers shall be arranged to ensure the proper distribution of weight to the various wheels of the steam locomotive, maintained approximately level and in a safe and suitable condition for service. Adjusting weights by shifting weights from one pair of wheels to another is permissible. (b) Spring or spring rigging condemning defects. Springs or spring rigging with any of the following defects shall be removed from service immediately and renewed or properly repaired: (1) Top leaf broken or two leaves in top half or any three leaves in spring broken. (The long side of a spring to be considered the top.) Broken springs not exceeding these requirements may be repaired by applying clips providing the clips can be made to remain in place; (2) Any spring with leaves excessively shifting in the band; (3) Broken coil springs; or (4) Broken driving box saddle, equalizer, hanger, bolt, or pin. Wheels and Tires§ 230.112 Wheels and tires. (a) Mounting. Wheels shall be securely mounted on axles. Prick punching or shimming the wheel fit will not be permitted. The diameter of wheels on the same axle shall not vary more than (b) Gage. Wheels used on standard gage track will be out of gage if the inside gage of flanges, measured on base line is less than 53 inches or more than 53 (c) Flange distance variance. The distance back to back of flanges of wheels mounted on the same axle shall not vary more than (d) Tire thickness. Wheels may not have tires with a minimum thickness less than that indicated in the table in this paragraph (d). When retaining rings are used, measurements of tires to be taken from the outside circumference of the ring, and the minimum thickness of tires may be as much below the limits specified earlier in this paragraph (d) as the tires extend between the retaining rings, provided it does not reduce the thickness of the tire to less than 1 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------ Weight per axle (weight on drivers Minimum divided by number of pairs of Diameter of wheel thickness driving wheels) center (inches) (inches)------------------------------------------------------------------------30,000 pounds and under............ 44 and under.......... 1\1/4\ Over 44 to 50......... 1\5/16\ Over 50 to 56......... 1\3/8\ Over 56 to 62......... 1\7/16\ Over 62 to 68......... 1\1/2\ Over 68 to 74......... 1\9/16\ Over 74............... 1\5/8\Over 30,000 to 35,000 pounds....... 44 and under.......... 1\5/16\ Over 44 to 50......... 1\3/8\ Over 50 to 56......... 1\7/16\ Over 56 to 62......... 1\1/2\ Over 62 to 68......... 1\9/16\ Over 68 to 74......... 1\5/8\ Over 74............... 1\11/16\Over 35,000 to 40,000 pounds....... 44 and under.......... 1\3/8\ Over 44 to 50......... 1\7/16\ Over 50 to 56......... 1\1/2\ Over 56 to 62......... 1\9/16\ Over 62 to 68......... 1\5/8\ Over 68 to 74......... 1\11/16\ Over 74............... 1\3/4\Over 40,000 to 45,000 pounds....... 44 and under.......... 1\7/16\ Over 44 to 50......... 1\1/2\ Over 50 to 56......... 1\9/16\ Over 56 to 62......... 1\5/8\ Over 62 to 68......... 1\11/16\ Over 68 to 74......... 1\3/4\ Over 74............... 1\13/16\Over 45,000 to 50,000 pounds....... 44 and under.......... 1\1/2\ Over 44 to 50......... 1\9/16\ Over 50 to 56......... 1\5/8\ Over 56 to 62......... 1\11/16\ Over 62 to 68......... 1\3/4\ Over 68 to 74......... 1\13/16\ Over 74............... 1\7/8\Over 50,000 to 55,000 pounds....... 44 and under.......... 1\9/16\ Over 44 to 50......... 1\5/8\ Over 50 to 56......... 1\11/16\ Over 56 to 62......... 1\3/4\ Over 62 to 68......... 1\13/16\ Over 68 to 74......... 1\7/8\ Over 74............... 1\15/16\Over 55,000 pounds................. 44 and under.......... 1\5/8\ Over 44 to 50......... 1\11/16\ Over 50 to 56......... 1\3/4\ Over 56 to 62......... 1\13/16\ Over 62 to 68......... 1\7/8\ Over 68 to 74......... 1\15/16\ Over 74............... 2------------------------------------------------------------------------
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(e) Tire width. Flanged tires shall be no less than 5 § 230.113 Wheels and tire defects.Steam locomotive and tender wheels or tires developing any of the defects listed in this section shall be removed from service immediately and repaired. Except as provided in §230.114, welding on wheels and tires is prohibited. A wheel that has been welded is a welded wheel for the life of the wheel. (a) Cracks or breaks. Wheels and tires may not have a crack or break in the flange, tread, rim, plate, hub or brackets. (b) Flat spots. Wheels and tires may not have a single flat spot that is 2 (c) Chipped flange. Wheels and tires may not have a gouge or chip in the flange that is more than 1 (d) Broken rims. Wheels and tires may not have a circumferentially broken rim if the tread, measured from the flange at a point (e) Shelled-out spots. Wheels and tires may not have a shelled-out spot 2 (f) Seams. Wheels and tires may not have a seam running lengthwise that is within 3 (g) Worn flanges. Wheels and tires may not have a flange worn to a (h) Worn treads. Wheels and tires may not have a tread worn hollow (i) Flange height. Wheels and tires may not have a flange height of less than 1 inch nor more than 1 (j) Rim thickness. Wheels may not have rims less than 1 inch thick. (k) Wheel diameter. Wheels may not have wheel diameter variance, for wheels on the same axle or in the same driving wheel base, greater than § 230.114 Wheel centers.(a) Filling blocks and shims. Driving and trailing wheel centers with divided rims shall be properly fitted with iron or steel filling blocks before the tires are applied, and such filling blocks shall be properly maintained. When shims are inserted between the tire and the wheel center, not more than two thicknesses of shims may be used, one of which must extend entirely around the wheel. The shim which extends entirely around the wheel may be in three or four pieces, providing they do not lap. (b) Wheel center condemning defects. Wheel centers with any of the following defects shall be removed from service immediately and repaired: (1) Wheels centers loose on axle; (2) Broken or defective tire fastenings; (3) Broken or cracked hubs, plates, bolts or spokes, except as provided in paragraph (b)(4) of this section; or (4) Driving or trailing wheel center with three adjacent spokes or 25 percent or more of the spokes in the wheel broken. (c) Wheel center repairs. Wheel centers may be repaired by welding or brazing provided that the defect can properly be so repaired and, following the repair, the crankpin and axle shall remain tight in the wheel. Banding of the hub is permitted. (d) Counterbalance maintenance. Wheel counterbalances shall be maintained in a safe and suitable condition for service. Steam Locomotive Tanks§ 230.115 Feed water tanks.(a) General provisions. Tanks shall be maintained free from leaks, and in safe and suitable condition for service. Suitable screens must be provided for tank wells or tank hose and shall be maintained in a manner that allows the unobstructed flow of water. Feed water tanks shall be equipped with a device that permits the measurement of the quantity of water in the tender feed water tank from the cab or tender deck of the steam locomotive. Such device shall be properly maintained. (b) Inspection frequency. As often as conditions warrant but not less frequently than every 92 service days, the interior of the tank shall be inspected, and cleaned if necessary. (c) Top of tender. Top of tender behind fuel space shall be kept clean, and means provided to carry off excess water. Suitable covers shall be provided for filling holes. § 230.116 Oil tanks.The oil tanks on oil burning steam locomotives shall be maintained free from leaks. The oil supply pipe shall be equipped with a safety cut-off device that: (a) Is located adjacent to the fuel supply tank or in another safe location; (b) Closes automatically when tripped and that can be reset without hazard; and (c) Can be hand operated from clearly marked locations, one inside the cab and one accessible from the ground on each exterior side of the steam locomotive. Appendix A to Part 230—Inspection RequirementsThe lists in this appendix are intended as guidance only. Adherence to this list does not relieve the steam locomotive owner and/or operator of responsibility for either: (1) Completing the inspection and maintenance requirements described in this part; or (2) ensuring that the steam locomotive, tender and its parts and appurtenances are safe and suitable for service. Daily Inspection Requirements; §230.13 1. Observance of lifting pressure of the lowest safety valve. 2. Testing of water glasses and gauge cocks.* 3. Inspection of tubular water glass shields. 4. Inspection of all cab lamps.* 5. Inspection of boiler feedwater delivery systems.* 6. Inspection of lagging for indication of leaks. 7. Inspection for leaks obstructing vision of engine crew. 8. Observance of compressor(s) and governor to ascertain proper operation.* 9. Inspection of brake and signal equipment.* 10. Inspection of brake cylinders for piston travel. 11. Inspection of foundation brake gear. 12. Inspection of sanders.* 13. Inspection of draw gear and chafing irons. 14. Inspection of draft gear. 15. Inspection of crossheads and guides. 16. Inspection of piston rods and fasteners. 17. Inspection of main, side, and valve motion rods. 18. Inspection of headlights and classification lamps.* 19. Inspection of running gear. 20. Inspection of tender frames and tanks. 21. Inspection of tender trucks for amount of side bearing clearance. Note: All items marked (*) should be checked at the beginning of each day the locomotive is used. 31 Service Day Inspection Requirements; §230.14 1. Washing of boiler. 2. Cleaning and inspection of water glass valves and gauge cocks. 3. Cleaning, washing and inspection of arch tubes, water bar tubes, circulators and siphons. 4. Removal and inspection of all washout and water tube plugs. 5. Testing of all staybolts. 6. Removal, cleaning and inspection of fusible plugs (if any). 92 Service Day Inspection Requirements; §230.15 1. Removal and testing of all air and steam gauges. 2. Cleaning of steam gauge siphon pipe. 3. Renewal of tubular water glasses. 4. Testing and adjusting of safety relief valves. 5. Testing of main reservoir and brake cylinder leakage. 6. Entering and inspection of tender tank interior. Annual Inspection Requirements; §230.16 1. Testing of thickness of arch and water bar tubes (arch brick to be removed) 2. Hydrostatic testing of boiler. 3. Testing of all staybolts. 4. Interior inspection of boiler. 5. Thickness verification of dry pipes. 6. Smoke box inspection. 7. Main reservoir hammer or UT testing and hydrostatic testing (for non-welded and drilled main reservoirs) 8. Removal and inspection of steam locomotive drawbar(s) and pins (NDE testing other than merely visual) 9. Inspection of longitudinal lap joint boiler seams. 5 Year Inspection Requirements; §230.16 1. Inspection of flexible staybolt caps and sleeves. 1472 Service Day Inspection Requirements; §230.17 1. Removal of boiler flues (as necessary) and cleaning of boiler interior. 2. Removal of jacket and lagging and inspection of boiler interior and exterior. 3. Hydrostatic testing of boiler. 4. Thickness verification (boiler survey) and recomputation and update of steam locomotive specification card, (FRA Form No. 4). Appendix B to Part 230—Diagrams and Drawings
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Appendix C to Part 230—FRA Inspection Forms
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[64 FR 62865, Nov. 17, 1999, as amended at 70 FR 41996, July 21, 2005] Appendix D to Part 230—Civil Penalty Schedule |
------------------------------------------------------------------------ Willful Section Violation violation------------------------------------------------------------------------ Subpart A_General230.11 Repair of non-complying conditions: (a) Failure to repair non-complying $1,000 $2,500 steam locomotive prior to use in service................................ (b) Failure of owner and/or operator to 1,000 1,500 approve repairs made prior to use of steam locomotive.......................230.12 Movement of non-complying steam (\1\) (\1\) locomotive:230.13 Daily inspection: (a) (b): (1) Inspection overdue.............. 1,500 3,000 (2) Inspection not performed by 1,000 1,500 qualified person................... (c) Inspection report not made, 1,000 1,500 improperly executed or not retained....230.14 Thirty-one service day inspection: (a): (1) Inspection overdue.............. 1,500 3,000 (2) Inspection not performed by qualified person................... (b) Failure to notify FRA............... 1,000 1,500 (c) Inspection report not made, 1,000 1,500 improperly executed, not properly filed230.15 Ninety-two service day inspection: (a): (1) Inspection overdue.............. 1,500 3,000 (2) Inspection not performed by 1,000 1,500 qualified person................... (b) Inspection report not made, 1,000 1,500 improperly executed, not properly filed230.16 Annual inspection: (a): (1) Inspection overdue.............. 1,500 3,000 (2) Inspection not performed by 1,000 1,500 qualified person................... (b) Failure to notify FRA............... 1,000 1,500 (c) Inspection report not made, 1,000 1,500 improperly executed, not properly filed230.17 One thousand four hundred seventy-two service day inspection: (a): (1) Inspection overdue.............. 1,500 3,000 (2) Inspection not performed by 1,250 2,000 qualified person................... (b) Inspection report not made, 1,000 1,500 improperly executed, not properly maintained, not properly filed.........230.18 Service days: (a) Service day record not available for 1,000 1,500 inspection............................. (b) Failure to file service day report 1,000 1,500 with FRA Regional Administrator........ (c) Failure to complete all 1,472 1,500 3,000 service day inspection items prior to returning retired steam locomotive to service................................230.19 Posting of forms: (a) FRA Form No. 1: (1) FRA Form No. 1 not properly 1,000 1,500 filled out......................... (2) FRA Form No. 1 not properly 1,000 1,500 displayed.......................... (b) FRA Form No. 3: (1) FRA Form No. 3 not properly 1,000 1,500 filled out......................... (2) FRA Form No. 3 not properly 1,000 1,500 displayed..........................230.20 Alteration and repair reports: (a) Alterations: (1) Failure to properly file FRA 1,000 1,500 Form No. 19 with FRA Regional Administrator...................... (2) FRA Form No. 19 not properly 1,000 1,500 filled out......................... (3) FRA Form No. 19 not properly 1,000 1,500 maintained......................... (b) Repairs to unstayed portions of the boiler: (1) FRA Form No. 19 not properly 1,000 1,500 filled out......................... (2) FRA Form No. 19 not properly 1,000 1,500 maintained......................... (c) Repairs to stayed portions of the boiler: (1) FRA Form No. 19 not properly 1,000 1,500 filled out......................... (2) FRA Form No. 19 not properly 1,000 1,500 maintained.........................230.21 Failure to properly document steam 1,000 1,500 locomotive number Change................... Subpart B_Boilers and Appurtenances230.22 Failure to properly report accident 1,500 2,500 resulting from failure of steam locomotive boiler or part or appurtenance thereof.....230.23 Responsibility for general construction and safe working pressure: (a) Failure to properly establish safe 5,000 10,000 working pressure for steam locomotive boiler................................. (b) Placing steam locomotive in service 5,000 10,000 before safe working pressure for boiler has been established...................230.24 Maximum allowable stress values on boiler components: (a) Use of materials not of sufficient 1,000 2,000 tensile strength....................... (b) Use of a safety factor value of less 2,000 4,000 than 4 when using the code of original construction in boiler calculations....230.25 Maximum allowable stresses on stays and braces: (a) Exceeding allowable stress values on 1,000 2,000 fire box and/or combustion chamber..... (b) Exceeding allowable stress values on 1,000 2,000 round, rectangular or gusset braces....230.29 Inspection and repair: (a): (1) Failure of owner and/or operator 1,500 3,000 to inspect and repair any steam locomotive boiler and/or appurtenance under control thereof. (2) Failure to remove steam 2,500 5,000 locomotive from service when considered necessary to do so...... (b): (1) Failure of perform repairs in 2,000 4,000 accordance with accepted industry standards.......................... (2) Owner and/or operator returning 2,000 4,000 steam locomotive boiler and/or appurtenances to service before they are in good condition and safe and suitable for service...........230.30 Lap-joint seam boilers, Failure to 2,000 4,000 properly inspect...........................230.31 Flues to be removed: (a): (1) Failure to remove all flues when 1,500 3,000 inspecting boiler.................. (2) Failure to enter boiler and 1,500 3,000 clean and inspect.................. (b) Failure to remove superheater flues 1,000 2,000 when deemed necessary to do so.........230.32 Time and method of inspection: (a) Failure to perform 1,472 service day 1,500 3,000 inspection when required to do so...... (b) Failure to properly inspect boiler 1,500 3,000 during 1,472 service day inspection....230.33 Welded repairs and alterations: (a) Failure to obtain permission before 1,500 3,000 welding on unstayed portions of boiler containing alloy or carbon steel with carbon content over .25 percent carbon. (b) Failure to perform welding on 1,500 3,000 unstayed portions of boiler containing carbon steel not exceeding .25 percent carbon in accordance with a nationally accepted standard for boiler repairs... (c): (1) Failure to submit written 1,500 3,000 request for approval before performing weld buildup on wasted areas of unstayed boiler surfaces that exceed 100 square inches or the smaller of 25 percent of minimum required wall thickness or \1/2\ inch......................... (2) Repairing wasted sheets......... 1,500 3,000230.34 Riveted repairs and alterations: (a) Failure to obtain approval before 1,500 3,000 making riveted alterations on unstayed portions of the boiler; failure to do riveting in accordance with established railroad practices or accepted national standards for boiler repairs........... (b) Failure to perform riveted repairs 1,500 3,000 on unstayed boiler portions in accordance with established railroad practices or accepted national standards for boiler repairs........... (c) Failure to perform riveted repairs 1,000 2,000 on stayed boiler portions in accordance with established railroad practices or accepted national standards for boiler repairs................................230.35 Failure to raise temperature of steam 1,000 2,000 locomotive boiler to 70 degrees F. before applying hydrostatic pressure to the boiler230.36 Hydrostatic testing of boilers: (a) Failure to perform hydrostatic test 1,500 3,000 of boiler as required.................. (b) Failure to properly perform 1,500 3,000 hydrostatic test....................... (c) Failure to properly inspect boiler 1,500 3,000 after conducting hydrostatic test above MAWP...................................230.37 Failure to perform proper steam test 1,000 2,000 or inspection of boiler after completion of repair or alteration to boiler.............230.38 Telltale holes: (a) Failure to have telltale holes as 1,000 2,000 required in staybolts.................. (b) Failure to have proper telltale 1,000 2,000 holes in reduced body staybolts........ (c) Failure to keep telltales holes when 1,000 2,000 so required............................230.39 Broken staybolts: (a) Boiler in service with excess number 1,500 3,000 of broken staybolts.................... (b) Failure to replace staybolts when 1,500 3,000 required to do so; to properly replace staybolts when so required; to inspect adjacent staybolts when replacing broken staybolts....................... (c) Failure to count leaking, plugged, 1,500 3,000 or missing telltale holes as broken staybolts.............................. (d) Closing telltale holes by prohibited 1,500 3,000 means..................................230.40 Time and method of staybolt testing: (a) Failure to hammer test staybolts 1,000 2,000 when so required....................... (b) Failure to properly hammer test 1,000 2,000 staybolts..............................230.41 Flexible staybolts with caps: (a) Failure to inspect flexible 1,000 2,000 staybolts as required.................. (b) Failure to replace broken flexible 1,000 2,000 staybolts; failure to close inner ends of telltale holes as required.......... (c) Failure to report removal of 1,000 2,000 flexible staybolts caps and other tests on FRA Form No. 3 when so required..... (d) Failure to remove staybolt caps or 1,000 2,000 otherwise test when FRA inspector or steam locomotive owner and/or operator consider it necessary to do so.........230.42 Failure to have accurate boiler steam 2,000 4,000 gauge where engine crew can conveniently read.......................................230.43 Failure to have gauge siphon of 1,000 2,000 proper capacity on steam gauge supply pipe; failure to properly clean, maintain the steam gauge supply pipe....................230.44 Failure to test steam gauge when so 1,000 2,000 required...................................230.45 Failure to properly test and/or set 1,000 2,000 steam gauge................................230.46 Failure to attach to boiler backhead 1,000 1,500 metal badge plate showing allowable steam pressure...................................230.47 Boiler Number: (a) (b) (c) Failure to stamp builder's 1,000 1,500 number on boiler when number is known..230.48 Number and capacity of safety relief valves: (a) Failure to equip steam locomotive 2,500 5,000 boiler with proper safety relief valves (b) Failure to provide additional safety 3,000 6,000 relief valve capacity when so required.230.49 Setting of safety relief valves: (a) Safety relief valve(s) set and/or 2,500 5,000 adjusted by person not competent to do so..................................... (b) Safety relief valve(s) not set to 2,500 5,000 open at prescribed pressure(s)......... (c) Safety relief valve(s) not properly 3,000 6,000 set.................................... (d) Set pressure of lowest safety relief 1,000 2,000 valve not properly indicated...........230.50 Failure to test and adjust safety 1,500 3,000 relief valves when required to do so.......230.51 Failure to equip steam locomotive 1,000 2,000 boiler with at least 2 properly installed water glasses..............................230.52 Failure to properly equip water 2,000 4,000 glasses....................................230.53 Failure to properly clean water glass 1,000 2,000 valves and/or gauge cocks when required to do so......................................230.54 Testing and maintenance: (a) Failure to properly test water 1,000 2,000 glasses and/or gauge cocks............. (b) Failure to properly maintain gauge 1,500 3,000 cocks, water column drain valves, and/ or water glass valves..................230.55 Tubular type water and lubricator glasses and shields: (a) Failure to renew tubular type water 1,000 2,000 glasses as required.................... (b) Failure to properly shield tubular 1,000 2,000 water glasses and/or lubricator glasses (c) Failure to properly locate and/or 1,000 2,000 maintain water glasses and/or water glass shields..........................230.56 Failure to equip water glass with 1,000 2,000 suitable lamp..............................230.57 Injectors and feedwater pumps: (a) Failure to equip steam locomotive 3,000 6,000 with proper means for delivering water to the boiler.......................... (b) Failure to properly test and/or 2,500 5,000 maintain injectors, feedwater pumps, boiler checks, delivery pipes, feed water pipes, tank hose, tank valves.... (c) Failure to properly brace injectors, 1,000 2,000 feedwater pumps, and/or associated piping.................................230.58 Flue plugs: (a) Plugging flue plugs when not 1,000 2,000 otherwise permitted.................... (b) Improperly plugging flue plugs, when 1,000 2,000 otherwise permitted....................230.59 Failure to remove and properly clean 1,500 3,000 fusible boiler plugs when required to do so; failure to properly note removal.......230.60 Time of washing: (a) Failure to thoroughly wash boiler 1,000 2,000 when required to do so................. (b) Failure to remove washout plugs, 1,500 3,000 arch tube plugs, thermic siphon plugs, circulator plugs, water bar plugs when washing locomotive boiler.............. (c) Failure to examine and/or properly 1,500 3,000 maintain washout plugs washout plug sleeves, threaded openings............. (d) Failure to clean fusible plugs when 1,500 3,000 required to do so......................230.61 Arch tubes, water bar tubes, circulators and thermic siphons: (a) Failure to clean, wash, inspect arch 1,000 2,000 tubes, water bar tubes, circulators and thermic siphons as required............ (b) Failure to renew arch tubes, water 1,500 3,000 bar tubes; failure to repair or renew circulators, thermic siphons when required............................... (c) Failure to properly inspect and/or 1,500 3,000 replace as necessary arch tubes, water bar tubes, circulators.................230.62 Failure to properly inspect and/or 2,500 5,000 repair or replace as necessary dry pipes subject to pressure........................230.63 Failure to properly inspect smoke 1,500 3,000 box, steam pipes, pressure parts when required to do so..........................230.64 Failure to remove from service steam 1,500 3,000 locomotive boiler leaking under lagging from condition which may reduce safety and/ or repair the boiler before returning to service....................................230.65 Failure to keep steam locomotive 1,000 2,000 boiler, piping, appurtenances in repair so steam does not obscure vision..............230.66 Failure to properly oversee general 1,000 2,000 design, construction, maintenance of steam locomotive(s) and tender(s)................230.67 Failure to ensure all steam 2,500 5,000 locomotives and tenders are properly inspected and repaired and/or all defects are properly repaired and steam locomotive and/or tender are in good condition, safe and suitable for service before being returned to service........................230.68 Failure to equip steam locomotive 1,000 1,500 that operates in excess of 20 miles per hour over the general system with speed indicator maintained to ensure accurate functioning................................230.69 Failure to equip steam locomotive 1,000 2,000 with properly supported ash pan with operating mechanism that may be safely operated and securely closed...............230.70 Safe condition: (a) Failure to perform proper pre- 1,000 2,000 departure inspection when so required.. (b) Failure to properly equip steam 1,000 2,000 locomotive with brake pipe valve clearly identified as ``Emergency Brake Valve''................................230.71 Orifice testing of air compressors:.. (a)(b): Failure to properly test and/or 1,000 2,000 maintain air compressor(s) capacity230.72 Testing main reservoirs: (a) Failure to properly test main 1,000 2,000 reservoir(s) when required............. (b) Impermissibly or improperly drilling 1,000 2,000 main reservoir......................... (c) Impermissibly using NDE method to 1,000 2,000 measure wall thickness of main reservoir.............................. (d) Failure to use appropriate method of 1,500 3,000 NDE testing of wall thickness of welded or riveted longitudinal lap seam main reservoir(s); failure to withdraw main reservoir(s) from service when testing reveals insufficient wall thickness....230.73 Air gauges: (a) Failure to equip steam locomotive 1,000 1,500 with properly located air gauge(s) that are no more than 3 psi in error........ (b) Failure to test air gauge(s) when so 1,000 1,500 required............................... (c) Failure to properly test air 1,000 1,500 gauge(s)...............................230.74 Failure to properly clean and/or test 1,000 1,500 all air brake valves, related dirt collectors, filters when required to do so.230.75 Failure to properly stencil or 1,000 1,500 display date of testing and cleaning and initials of shop or station performing work230.76 Piston travel: (a) Insufficient minimum piston travel.. 1,000 1,500 (b) Excessive piston travel when steam 1,000 2,000 locomotive is stationary...............230.77 Foundation brake gear: (a) Failure to properly maintain 1,000 2,000 foundation brake gear.................. (b) Foundation brake gear less than 2.5 1,000 2,000 inches above rail......................230.78 Leakage: (a): (1) Failure to test for leakage from 1,000 1,500 main reservoir or related piping as required........................... (2) Failure to repair excessive 1,000 2,000 leakage from main reservoir or related piping leakage............. (b) Failure to test for brake cylinder 1,000 1,500 as required............................ (c): (1) Failure to test for leakage from 1,000 2,000 steam locomotive brake pipe as required........................... (2) Failure to repair excessive 1,000 2,000 brake pipe leakage.................230.79 Train signal system: (1) Failure to test the train signal 1,000 1,500 system or other form of on-board communication as required.......... (2) Failure to repair train signal 1,000 1,500 system or other on-board communication when not safe or suitable for service...............230.80 Cabs: (a) Steam locomotive cab not safe and 1,000 2,000 suitable for service................... (b) Steam pipes: Construction, 1,000 2,000 attachment............................. (c) Oil-burning steam locomotive, cab- 1,000 1,500 enclosed...............................230.81 Cab aprons: (a) Cab apron, general provisions....... 1,000 1,500 (b) Cab apron, insufficient width....... 1,000 1,500230.82 Fire doors: (a) Safe and suitable for service, 1,000 2,000 general provisions..................... (b) Construction and maintenance of 1,000 2,000 mechanically operated fire doors....... (c) Construction and maintenance of hand- 1,000 2,000 operated fire doors....................230.83 Cylinder cocks: (1) Failure to properly equip with 1,000 1,500 cylinder cocks..................... (2) Failure to properly maintain 1,000 1,500 cylinder cocks.....................230.84 Sanders: (1) Inoperable sanders.............. 1,000 1,500 (2) Failure to test sanders......... 1,000 1,500230.85 Audible warning devices: (a) General provisions.................. 1,000 1,500 (b) Sound level measurements, Failure to 1,000 1,500 properly take..........................230.86 Required illumination: (a) General provisions.................. 1,000 1,500 (b) Dimming device, Failure to properly 1,000 1,500 equip with............................. (c) Multiple locomotives, Failure of 1,000 1,500 lead locomotive to display headlight...230.87 Cab lights: Failure to properly equip 1,000 2,000 with.......................................230.88 Throttles: Failure to properly 1,000 2,000 maintain, equip............................230.89 Reverse gear: (a) General provisions.................. 1,000 2,000 (b) Air-operated power reverse gear..... 1,000 2,000 (c) Power reverse gear reservoirs....... 1,000 2,000230.90 Draw gear and draft systems: (a) Maintenance and testing............. 1,000 1,500 (b) Safety bars and chains, general..... 1,000 1,500 (c) Safety bars and chains, minimum 1,000 1,500 length................................. (d) Lost motion between steam locomotive 1,000 1,500 and tender............................. (e) Spring buffers: Improper 1,000 1,500 application, compression...............230.91 Chafing irons: Improper application, 1,000 1,500 maintenance................................230.92 Draw gear, draft systems: Improperly 1,000 1,500 maintained, fastened.......................230.93 Pistons and piston rods: (a) Failure to properly inspect, 1,000 2,000 maintain, renew........................ (b) Fasteners: Failure to keep tight, 1,000 2,000 properly equip.........................230.94 Crossheads: Improperly maintained, 1,000 2,000 excess clearance...........................230.95 Guides: Failure to securely fasten, 1,000 2,000 properly maintain..........................230.96 Main, side, valve motion rods: (a) General............................. 1,000 2,000 (b) Repairs............................. (1) Failure to make in accordance 1,000 2,000 with accepted national standard.... (2) Failure to submit written 1,000 2,000 request for approval prior to welding............................ (c) Bearings and bushings........... 1,000 1,500 (d) Rod side motion: Excessive motion... 1,000 1,500 (e) Oil, grease cups: Failure to 1,000 1,500 securely fasten, properly equip........ (f) Main rod bearings: (1) excessive bore.................. 1,000 1,500 (2) excessive lost motion........... 1,000 1,500 (g) Side rod bearings, excessive bore... 1,000 1,500230.97 Crank pins: (a) General provisions.................. 1,000 2,000 (b) Maintenance: Failure to maintain in 1,000 2,000 safe, suitable condition...............230.98 Driving, trailing, engine truck axles: (a) Condemning defects.................. 1,000 2,000 (b) Journal diameter: Failure to stamp 750 1,000 on end of axle.........................230.99 Tender truck axle: Insufficient 1,000 2,000 diameter...................................230.100 Defects in tender truck axles and journals: (a) Tender truck axle condemning defects 1,000 2,000 (b) Tender truck journal condemning 1,000 2,000 defects................................230.101 Steam locomotive driving journal boxes: (a) Driving journal boxes: Failure to 1,000 2,000 properly maintain...................... (b) Broken bearings: Failure to renew... 1,000 2,000 (c) Loose bearings: Failure to repair or 1,000 2,000 renew..................................230.102 Tender plain bearing journal boxes: 1,000 1,500 Failure to repair..........................230.103 Tender roller bearing journal boxes: 1,000 1,500 Failure to properly maintain...............230.104 Driving box shoes and wedges: 1,000 1,500 Failure to properly maintain...............230.105 Lateral motion: (a) Condemning limits: Total lateral 1,000 1,500 motion in excess of.................... (b) Limits exceeded, failure to 1,000 1,500 demonstrate conditions require additional lateral motion.............. (c) Interferes with other parts of steam 1,000 1,500 locomotive.............................230.106 Steam locomotive frame: (a) Failure to properly inspect and/or 1,000 2,000 maintain............................... (b) Broken frames, not properly patched 2,500 5,000 or secured.............................230.107 Tender frame and body: (a) Failure to properly maintain........ 1,000 1,500 (b) Height difference between tender 1,000 1,500 deck and steam locomotive cab floor or deck excessive......................... (c) Gangway minimum width excessive..... 1,000 1,500 (d) Tender frame condemning defects..... 1,500 3,000230.108 Steam locomotive leading and trailing trucks: (a) Failure to properly maintain........ 1,000 1,500 (b) Safety chain, suitable safety chain 1,000 1,500 not provided........................... (c) Insufficient truck clearance........ 1,000 2,000230.109 Tender trucks: (a): (1) Tender truck frames............. 1,000 2,000 (2) Tender truck center plate....... 1,000 2,000 (b) Tender truck bolsters: Failure to 1,500 3,000 properly maintain...................... (c) Condemning defects, springs and/or 1,000 2,000 spring rigging......................... (d) Truck securing arrangement: Not 1,000 1,500 properly maintained.................... (e) Side bearings, truck centering 1,000 2,000 devices................................ (f) Friction side bearings: Run in 1,000 2,000 contact................................ (g): (1) Side bearings, failure to equip 1,000 2,000 rear trucks with................... (2) Insufficient clearance of....... 1,000 2,000230.110 Pilots: (a) General provisions.................. 1,000 1,500 (b) Clearance, insufficient or excessive 1,000 1,500230.111 Spring rigging: (a) Arrangement of springs and 1,000 2,000 equalizers............................. (b) Spring or spring rigging condemning 1,000 2,000 defects................................230.112 Wheels and tires: (a) Improperly Mounted, excess variance 1,500 3,000 in axle diameter....................... (b) Out of gage......................... 1,000 2,000 (c) Flange distance variance, excessive. 1,000 2,000 (d) Tire thickness, insufficient........ 1,000 2,000 (e) Tire width, insufficient............ 1,000 2,000230.113 Wheels and tire defects: (1) Failure to repair............... 1,000 2,000 (2) Welding on, except as otherwise 1,500 3,000 provided for....................... (a) Cracks or breaks in................. 1,000 2,000 (b) Flat spots.......................... 1,000 2,000 (c) Chipped flange...................... 1,000 2,000 (d) Broken rim.......................... 1,000 2,000 (e) Shelled-out spots................... 1,000 2,000 (f) Seams............................... 1,000 2,000 (g) Worn flanges, excessive wear........ 1,000 2,000 (h) Worn treads, excessive wear......... 1,000 2,000 (i) Flange height, insufficient or 1,000 2,000 excessive.............................. (j) Rim thickness, insufficient......... 1,000 2,000 (k) Wheel diameter, excessive variance.. 1,000 2,000230.114 Wheel centers: (a) Filling blocks and shims............ 1,000 2,000 (b) Wheel center condemning limits, 1,000 2,000 failure to repair...................... (c) Wheel center repairs................ 1,000 2,000 (d) Counterbalance maintenance.......... 1,000 2,000230.115 Feed water tanks: (a) General provisions.................. 1,000 2,000 (b) Inspection frequency, failure to 1,000 1,500 inspect as required.................... (c) Top of tender: Improperly maintained 1,000 1,500 and/or equipped........................230.116 Oil tanks: (1) Failure to properly maintain.... 2,500 5,000 (2) Failure to equip with complying 5,000 7,500 safety cut-off device..............------------------------------------------------------------------------\1\ Failure to observe any condition for movement set forth in § 230.12 will deprive the railroad of the benefit of the movement-for- repair provision and make the railroad and any responsible individuals liable for penalty under the particular regulatory section(s) concerning the substantive defect(s) present on the locomotive at the time of movement. Failure to comply with § 230.12 will result in the lapse of any affected waiver.
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